Abstract: In a method for calibrating a polarization axis measuring device, both flat sides of a calibration element in a polarization axis measuring device are irradiated with polarized light, wherein the method involves aligning in each case at least one polarization direction of the light in a first and/or second rotational position with a principal axis in a predefined angular relationship with respect to a polarization axis of the calibration element. Determining the rotational position of an axis of the calibration element is carried out by determining an angle bisector between the first and second rotational positions of the polarization direction of the incident light. The method involves assigning a predefined angle value for the rotational position of the principal axis of the polarization direction for which the latter is in the predefined angular relationship with respect to the axis of the calibration element inserted as intended.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit includes two pressure connections for supplying devices, in particular hydraulic rescue devices, including a first hydraulic circuit with a first pump arrangement and a first pressure connection and a second hydraulic circuit with a second pump arrangement and a second pressure connection, wherein the pump arrangements are driven at the same time by a common drive, and wherein by a first valve switch the first hydraulic circuit can be connected to the second hydraulic circuit and by a second valve switch the second hydraulic circuit can be connected to the first hydraulic circuit. The valve switches include a spring acting in the direction of an initial position and from the first hydraulic circuit or from the second hydraulic circuit a first control line runs to the first valve switch and from the second hydraulic circuit or from the first hydraulic circuit a second control line runs to the second valve switch.

Abstract: In a method for calibrating a polarization axis measuring device, both flat sides of a calibration element in a polarization axis measuring device are irradiated with polarized light, wherein the method involves aligning in each case at least one polarization direction of the light in a first and/or second rotational position with a principal axis in a predefined angular relationship with respect to a polarization axis of the calibration element. Determining the rotational position of an axis of the calibration element is carried out by determining an angle bisector between the first and second rotational positions of the polarization direction of the incident light. The method involves assigning a predefined angle value for the rotational position of the principal axis of the polarization direction for which the latter is in the predefined angular relationship with respect to the axis of the calibration element inserted as intended.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit includes two pressure connections for supplying devices, in particular hydraulic rescue devices, including a first hydraulic circuit with a first pump arrangement and a first pressure connection and a second hydraulic circuit with a second pump arrangement and a second pressure connection, wherein the pump arrangements are driven at the same time by a common drive, and wherein by a first valve switch the first hydraulic circuit can be connected to the second hydraulic circuit and by a second valve switch the second hydraulic circuit can be connected to the first hydraulic circuit. The valve switches include a spring acting in the direction of an initial position and from the first hydraulic circuit or from the second hydraulic circuit a first control line runs to the first valve switch and from the second hydraulic circuit or from the first hydraulic circuit a second control line runs to the second valve switch.

Abstract: The invention relates to an eccentric pump including a frame, a pump shaft which can be driven using a driving device and is mounted to be rotatable about a main axis that is stationary relative to the frame, an eccentric sleeve which is mounted in an axially movable manner on a pump shaft section, an anti-rotation element which is effective between the pump shaft section and the eccentric sleeve), several pump elements which are stationary relative to the frame and are provided with displacement elements that can be moved in a radial direction relative to the main axis, act upon a fluid contained in swept volumes of the pump elements, and are moved against a fluid pressure by an external surface of the eccentric sleeve, and at least one spring element which acts upon the eccentric sleeve in an axial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an eccentric pump (1) comprising a frame (15), a pump shaft (3) which can be driven using a driving device (73) and is mounted to be rotatable about a main axis (16) that is stationary relative to the frame (15), an eccentric sleeve (17) which is mounted in an axially movable manner on a pump shaft section (23), an anti-rotation element (27) which is effective between the pump shaft section (23) and the eccentric sleeve (17), several pump elements (5) which are stationary relative to the frame (15) and are provided with displacement elements (6) that can be moved in a radial direction relative to the main axis (16), act upon a fluid contained in swept volumes (8) of the pump elements (5), and are moved against a fluid pressure by an external surface (18) of the eccentric sleeve (17), and at least one spring element (39) which acts upon the eccentric sleeve (17) in an axial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radial piston pump (1) with an eccentric actuator unit (19), the radial piston pump (1) having several pumping units (20) driven by a common drive shaft (18). A central axis (35) of a circumferential bearing surface (37) of an actuator eccentric (33) designed for displacing pump pistons (24) of the pumping units (20) extends at an angle relative to a central axis (31) of the drive shaft (18) or an actuator unit (19) incorporating the actuator eccentric (33).

Abstract: A scrap-melting electric arc furnace operating at an elevated melting power having a simple construction that also avoids thermal loads of the side wall caused by the electrodes. The electrodes are protected from damage during scrap-charging. The electric arc furnace includes a bottom for receiving a melt. An upper part rises from the bottom part and has side walls. A lid covers the upper part. A charging shaft is disposed approximately centrically relative to the upper part, and has a diameter that is substantially smaller than the diameter of the upper part. The charging shaft interior communicates with the furnace interior via an opening in the lid. Electrodes arranged approximately radially symmetrically are directed obliquely into the furnace interior and project toward the center of the electric arc furnace.

Abstract: In a device for controlling a plug (5) of a metallurgical vessel (1), in particular a distributing launder of a continuous casting installation, with a plug (5), which can be raised and lowered and which is supported in a support frame which is movable relative to the metallurgical vessel (1), the support frame for the plug (5), which can be raised and lowered, is supported outside of the metallurgical vessel (1) displaceable in a direction crosswise to the lifting direction of the plug (5) and can be releasably locked together with the metallurgical vessel. By means of this a simple separation of the plug mechanism (9) and the metallurgical vessel (1) is possible without operational elaboration and an exchange of the metallurgical vessel (1), for example, is made possible without having to dismantle the entire plug mechanism (5, 9).

Abstract: A plant for the production of molten metals includes a melting vessel in whose wall burners and optionally oxygen-containing-gas feeding ducts are installed and on whose upper end a charging device as well as a gas evacuation duct receiving the offgases forming enter.In order to enable the continuous charging of the melting vessel by avoiding any unintentional escape of gas from the melting vessel, both the gas evacuation duct and the charging means run into the upper end of the furnace shaft laterally and approximately diametrically opposite each other. The charging means projects into a charging opening brushed over by a gas curtain and an intake chute for charging material is provided below the charging opening in a manner directed towards the center of the furnace shaft.

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallurgical vessel, such as a steelworks converter, having a refractory brick lining and a probe opening passing a wall of the vessel for introducing a measuring and/or sampling probe. In order that the probe opening will get obstructed only minimally, if at all, and possible deposits of slag will be removed easily and quickly, the probe opening is provided with a lining of graphite or a graphite/alumina mixture.

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallurgical vessel, such as a steelworks converter, having a refractory brick lining and a probe opening passing a wall of the vessel for introducing a measuring and/or sampling probe. In order that the probe opening will get obstructed only minimally, if at all, and possible deposits of slag will be removed easily and quickly, the probe opening is provided with a lining of graphite or a graphite/alumina mixture.