Abstract: A copolymer that has sufficient dispersibility to various kinds of cements, including those having low fluidity (difficult cement). The copolymer is obtained by polymerizing monomer components including an unsaturated (poly)alkylene glycol ether monomer (a), an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b), and an unsaturated cross-linkable monomer (c) or an unsaturated cross-linkable monomer (d). The unsaturated cross-linkable monomer (c) is allyl itaconate or allyl citraconate, or ester thereof. The unsaturated cross-linkable monomer (d) is an ester obtained by reaction of at least one acid, selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and citraconic acid and ester derived from the acids, with a (poly)alkylene glycol or a (poly)alkylene glycol ether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copolymer which is obviously by polymerizing monomer components comprising: (a) a compound represented by formula (A1): Y—B-0-(A-0)mR2(A1) wherein Y represents an alkenyl group containing two or more carbon atoms, B represents a C2-18 oxyalkylene group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-30 hydrocarbon group and m represents an integer of from 0 to 300; and/or an addition product obtained by the addition of 0-8 moles of any alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to one equivalent of amino residues in polyamide polyamine obtained by condensation of 1.0 moles of apolyalkylene polyamine, 0.8-0.95 mole of a dibasic acid or an ester of the dibasic acid with a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and 0.05-0.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel copolymer capable of exerting excellent dispersibility to various kinds of cement including cement having low fluidity (difficult cement), and a dispersant for cement and cement composition including the copolymer. The copolymer of the present invention is a copolymer obtainable by polymerizing monomer components including an unsaturated (poly)alkylene glycol ether monomer (a), an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b), and an unsaturated cross-linkable monomer (c) or an unsaturated polymerizable monomer (d).

Abstract: A graft copolymer based on a component a) consisting of silica which has been reacted with an unsaturated silane, and a polymer component b) containing sulphonic acid is proposed. The silica used is preferably a nanosilica and the unsaturated silane is an ethylenically unsaturated alkoxysilane. The component b) is represented by a copolymer based on AMPS and a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The polymer according to the invention, which as a rule is a nanocomposite, is outstandingly suitable as an additive in construction chemistry applications and in the development, exploitation and completion of underground mineral oil and natural gas deposits, its effect as a water retention agent being particularly advantageous at high salinities and increased temperatures.

Abstract: An additive based on a polyalkylenimine and a sulphonated formaldehyde-containing condensate and its use as a fluid loss additive in the cementing of wells in the mineral oil and natural gas sector is claimed. Polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine and polybutylenimine are suitable as typical representatives of the polyalkylenimines and may also be derivatised. Preferred condensates are acetone/formaldehyde resins. Those additives according to the invention which are subjected to maturing, in particular by allowing to stand, prior to their use achieve a particularly low fluid loss value.

Abstract: Copolymers based on a polyamide containing at least one graft lateral chain consisting of ethylenic unsaturated compounds, in construction chemistry, as well as with the prospecting, exploiting and completion of oil-and gas deposits and with deep bore holes.

Abstract: A graft copolymer based on a component a) consisting of silica which has been reacted with an unsaturated silane, and a polymer component b) containing sulphonic acid is proposed. The silica used is preferably a nanosilica and the unsaturated silane is an ethylenically unsaturated alkoxysilane. The component b) is represented by a copolymer based on AMPS and a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The polymer according to the invention, which as a rule is a nanocomposite, is outstandingly suitable as an additive in construction chemistry applications and in the development, exploitation and completion of underground mineral oil and natural gas deposits, its effect as a water retention agent being particularly advantageous at high salinities and increased temperatures.

Abstract: An additive based on a polyalkylenimine and a sulphonated formaldehyde-containing condensate and its use as a fluid loss additive in the cementing of wells in the mineral oil and natural gas sector is claimed. Polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine and polybutylenimine are suitable as typical representatives of the polyalkylenimines and may also be derivatised. Preferred condensates are acetone/formaldehyde resins. Those additives according to the invention which are subjected to maturing, in particular by allowing to stand, prior to their use achieve a particularly low fluid loss value.

Abstract: Copolymers based on a polyamide containing at least one graft lateral chain consisting of ethylenic unsaturated compounds, in construction chemistry, as well as with the prospecting, exploiting and completion of oil-and gas deposits and with deep bore holes.

Abstract: A copolymer based on olefinic sulphonic acids as monomer component a) and an organosilicone-containing compound as reactive component b) is proposed, for which in particular 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid (AMPS®) is suitable as component a) and vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane and trichlorosilane as component b). This copolymer, which may have a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, may also comprise further reaction components c) and d) in addition to the two main components for which further reaction components (meth)acrylamides or vinyl ethers are suitable. These copolymers, which are obtainable in particular by precipitation or gel polymerizations, are used in particular in applications in construction chemistry and here especially as water retention agents and fluid loss additives in drilling fluids and for well cementing.

Abstract: Water-soluble, biologically degradable copolymers based on polyamide are described which contain at least one grafted side chain composed of aldehydes and sulfur-containing acids and salts thereof and optionally at least one compound from the series ketones, aromatic alcohols, urea (derivatives) and amino-s-triazines. Natural polyamides such as caseins, gelatins, collagens, bone glues, blood albumins and soya proteins as well as degradation products thereof and synthetic polyamides such as polyaspartic acids and copolymers of aspartic and glutamic acid are used as preferred polyamide components. These copolymers are obtained primarily by graft polymerization at temperatures between ?10 and 250° C., preferably in the presence of a solvent such as water or by thermal drying and they are used in particular as flow agents or water retention agents for inorganic binders and pigments especially in combination with hydraulic binders they only have a very slight setting-retardant effect.

Abstract: Subject matter of the present invention is a drilling fluid additive based on sulfonated asphalt, which comprises a water soluble and anionic polymer component in quantities of 0.1 to 20 wt. %, with respect to the total additive in addition to the asphalt component. With this additive the water solubility of sulfonated asphalt can be markedly increased. This additive, whose polymer component is thermally highly stable, is utilized primarily in water- and/or oil-based drilling fluids and in particular in the exploration of subterraneous petroleum and natural gas deposits. Typical polymer components to consider are representatives of polycondensation products, such as phenol resins, ketone resins and sulfonated naphthalene, acetone and amino plasticizer resins (for example urea and melamine resins).

Abstract: A plasticizer based on polycarboxylates is proposed, where the polycarboxylate component is a water-soluble, branched-chain and carboxyl-group-carrying copolymer which has at least one of the structural features selected from nitrogen-functionalized side chain and also, as linkage unit between main chain and side chain, an ester linkage, ether linkage and amide and/or imide linkage. The polycarboxylate component the molar ratio of acid groups to the side-group-carrying monomer is ?2:1 and/or the side chain length n is <25, and the self-levelling screed has a sulphate content of ?0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the anhydrite fraction. The polycarboxylate component has a backbone provided with anionic functional groups and at least one non-ionic side chain has, preferably, an average molecular weight Mn between 5,000 and 250,000 g/mol. A particularly good liquefying effect is achieved here using a plasticiser in powder form, which is present in an amount of from 0.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device includes a refrigeration cycle having components such as, e.g., a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser and an evaporator. At least some of the components of the refrigeration cycle are held in their functional position by a mounting in the form of housing shells, which they share. The housing shells consists of a foamed plastic material, e.g. of expanded polypropylene (EPP). An additional metal sheet or plastic housing is not required.

Abstract: A novel method for breaking the viscosity of an aqueous phase thickened with preferably hydrophilic polymers in the exploration and production of mineral oil and/or natural gas is proposed. For this purpose, the breaking is carried out via the formation of a low-viscosity emulsion, with water as the continuous phase, this emulsion being formed by the addition of at least one surface-active component to a system which consists of the thickened drilling fluid and an oil phase which is crude oil present in the reservoir and/or oil introduced into the reservoir. Solubilizers between oil phase and water phase and in particular non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and/or amphoteric surfactants are used as a preferred surface-active component. In addition to the surface-active component, it is possible to use further components, which are demulsifiers, non-emulsifiers, co-surfactants or surface tension modifiers.

Abstract: Methacrylate derivatives are added to salt-containing media to thicken the media, and are particularly useful in the exploration of mineral oil or natural gas deposits. The salt-containing media have a specific density of 1.2 to 2.5 kg/l. The respective methacrylate derivatives, which may be, e.g., mono- and/or difunctional variants, have been found to be particularly suitable, are used in a volume ratio of 100 to 1:1 and an amount of 0.5 to 15% by volume. The thickening of the salt-containing media is effected primarily as gel formation, which can be carried out with the aid of free radical initiators and at elevated temperatures. In particular, completion brines, drilling and drill-in fluids and fracturing fluids and acids having high salt contents are to be regarded as aqueous media. The methacrylate derivatives have a markedly good solubility in heavy brines, as are used primarily in upstream processes of the oil industry.

Abstract: The use of dicarbonyl compounds for increasing the thermal stability of biopolymers in aqueous liquid phases in petroleum and natural gas exploration is claimed. The biopolymer component preferably comprises polysaccharides prepared by fermentation, such as, for example, scleroglucan or welan gum. The aqueous liquid phase is typically a drilling fluid which may also contain high salt concentrations (“brines”). Glyoxal may be mentioned as a particularly suitable member of the dicarbonyls. It can either be admixed with the liquid phase or preferably also be incorporated in the course of the preparation of the biopolymer. The use according to the invention shows their advantages, particularly at temperatures in the rock formation which are above 250° Fahrenheit.

Abstract: Rheological control of liquid phases is provided with a composition comprising a high-alumina cement component a) for controlling the rheology of liquid phases based on a clay component b). Component a) is preferably a calcium aluminate cement and component b) is preferably a clay of the smectite variety. The compositions comprise at least 20% by weight representative of the calcium aluminate cement and is preferably used for rheology control of water- or oil-based systems.

Abstract: A copolymer based on olefinic sulphonic acids as monomer component a) and an organosilicone-containing compound as reactive component b) is proposed, for which in particular 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid (AMPS®) is suitable as component a) and vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane and trichlorosilane as component b). This copolymer, which may have a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, may also comprise further reaction components c) and d) in addition to the two main components for which further reaction components (meth)acrylamides or vinyl ethers are suitable. These copolymers, which are obtainable in particular by precipitation or gel polymerizations, are used in particular in applications in construction chemistry and here especially as water retention agents and fluid loss additives in drilling fluids and for well cementing.

Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers based on olefinic sulfonic acids, olefinic dicarboxylic acids, vinyl amides and vinyl ethers and/or allyl ethers and/or bisacryl derivatives are described as well as processes for their production and the use of these copolymers as water retention agents, thickeners or anti-segregation agents for aqueous building material systems that contain hydraulic binding agents such as cement, lime, gypsum, anhydrite etc. or for clay suspensions preferably based on bentonite.