Abstract: A method is provided for two-dimensional graphic representation on an aircraft display screen of an image or of a symbol or of a symbology (PE) whose three-dimensional coordinates in a terrestrial reference frame are known. The graphic representation of the object or of the symbol is stretched in a vertical axis by a constant factor (?) lying between 1.0 and 1.2, the stretching having, for its neutral plane, the local horizontal geographic plane containing the aircraft. Furthermore, when the symbology is a pitch scale consisting of graduations, two successive graduations being separated by a constant angular value, the graphic representations of two successive graduations of the pitch scale are separated by a constant distance on the display screen.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for graphic representation of the relative position of the sky and of the earth in an onboard display system for aircraft, said graphic representation being displayed on a display screen comprising piloting and navigation information superimposed on a three-dimensional synthetic representation of the outside landscape. Said graphic representation is displayed only when the attitude of the aircraft is unusual, an unusual attitude corresponding to a roll value or to a pitch value located outside of a first range of nominal values. It comprises two disc segments of identical form, that are opaque and of different colour, situated symmetrically on a circle concentric to that bearing the roll scale, the straight-line segments of the two disc segments being parallel to the line representing the zero longitudinal trim indicator, the rotation of the two disc segments being slaved to the rotation of said zero longitudinal trim indicator.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for graphically representing a first image from an image sensor of the outside landscape superimposed on a second image representing a synthetic image of the same outside landscape, the two images being displayed on a display screen of an onboard display system for aircraft. The first image comprises three rectangular zones of increasing transparency, each zone having a width equal to that of the first image and a determined height, the sum of the three heights being equal to the height of the first image, the first zone situated at the bottom of the image having a first constant level of transparency, the third zone situated at the top of the image having a second constant level of transparency greater than the first level of transparency, the second zone situated between the first zone and the third zone having a level of transparency that is continuously variable between the first level and the second level.

Abstract: A method of synthetic representation of elements of interest in a viewing system for aircraft, the viewing system comprises location sensors, a cartographic database and a database of elements of interest, an image sensor, a unit for processing images and a unit for generating three-dimensional digital images representative of the terrain overflown and a viewing device, wherein, when the terrain overflown comprises an element of interest, the method of synthetic representation comprises: a first step of searching for and detecting the element of interest in each image of a sequence of images, and; a second step of generating three-dimensional digital images representative of the terrain overflown, the element of interest represented according to a first representation if it has not been detected in any of the images of the sequence of images and according to a second representation if it is detected.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the graphical representation of a synthetic three-dimensional view of the exterior landscape in an on-board visualization system for aircraft, said graphical representation being displayed on a visualization screen comprising the piloting and navigation information of said aircraft superposed onto said three-dimensional synthetic representation of the exterior landscape, said synthetic representation being computed up to a first determined distance, characterized in that said three-dimensional synthetic representation is tilted at a tilt angle about an axis positioned at the level of the terrain in a substantially horizontal plane, and substantially perpendicularly to an axis between the flight direction and the heading of the aircraft, said axis moving with the aircraft.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for three-dimensional graphic representation of at least one landing runway on a display device of an onboard display system for aircraft, said graphic representation being displayed in a synthetic of an outside landscape, said runway comprising a coloured rectangular form, an outline surrounding said form and markings the position of the aircraft in relation to said runway being known in a horizontal plane with a first accuracy and in a vertical axis with a second accuracy. When the first accuracy is above a first threshold and/or when the second accuracy is above a second threshold, the appearance of the rectangular form or of the outline or of at least one marking is modified.

Abstract: A method is provided for two-dimensional graphic representation on an aircraft display screen of an image or of a symbol or of a symbology (PE) whose three-dimensional coordinates in a terrestrial reference frame are known. The graphic representation of the object or of the symbol is stretched in a vertical axis by a constant factor (?) lying between 1.0 and 1.2, the stretching having, for its neutral plane, the local horizontal geographic plane containing the aircraft. Furthermore, when the symbology is a pitch scale consisting of graduations, two successive graduations being separated by a constant angular value, the graphic representations of two successive graduations of the pitch scale are separated by a constant distance on the display screen.

Abstract: An on-board viewing system for aircraft of an image arising from an image sensor overlaid on a synthetic image of the outside landscape is provided. The method comprises the following steps: analysis, at a temporal frequency, of the sensed images so as to determine, in each image, a boundary between the information useful for piloting and the non-useful information, the useful information consisting of noteworthy elements, the temporal frequency being an order of magnitude lower than the video refresh frequency; determination of a transition zone in the vicinity of each boundary; display on the viewing screen, at the video refresh frequency, of the sensed images, each sensed image being displayed overlaid on a synthetic image of the landscape, the sensed image being opaque under the transition zone, totally transparent above the transition zone and of continuously variable transparency in the transition zone.

Abstract: A method is provided for managing and displaying symbols that are geo-referenced in a viewing device. The method is implemented in a synthetic viewing system comprising a navigation system, a cartographic database comprising a geo-referenced object, electronic calculation means to calculate the symbol which is itself geo-referenced representative of the geo-referenced object and a viewing device. The electronic calculation means are arranged so as to calculate the total surface area of the geo-referenced symbol to be displayed on the viewing device and a photometric and/or colorimetric coefficient representative of the conformal symbol, the photometric and/or colorimetric coefficient being a decreasing function of the total surface area. The photometric and/or colorimetric coefficient is a coefficient of opacity or of luminance or of hue or of saturation.

Abstract: An on-board viewing system for aircraft of an image arising from an image sensor overlaid on a synthetic image of the outside landscape is provided. The method comprises the following steps: analysis, at a temporal frequency, of the sensed images so as to determine, in each image, a boundary between the information useful for piloting and the non-useful information, the useful information consisting of noteworthy elements, the temporal frequency being an order of magnitude lower than the video refresh frequency; determination of a transition zone in the vicinity of each boundary; display on the viewing screen, at the video refresh frequency, of the sensed images, each sensed image being displayed overlaid on a synthetic image of the landscape, the sensed image being opaque under the transition zone, totally transparent above the transition zone and of continuously variable transparency in the transition zone.

Abstract: A method of synthetic representation of elements of interest in a viewing system for aircraft, the viewing system comprises location sensors, a cartographic database and a database of elements of interest, an image sensor, a unit for processing images and a unit for generating three-dimensional digital images representative of the terrain overflown and a viewing device, wherein, when the terrain overflown comprises an element of interest, the method of synthetic representation comprises: a first step of searching for and detecting the element of interest in each image of a sequence of images, and; a second step of generating three-dimensional digital images representative of the terrain overflown, the element of interest represented according to a first representation if it has not been detected in any of the images of the sequence of images and according to a second representation if it is detected.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for three-dimensional graphic representation of at least one landing runway on a display device of an onboard display system for aircraft, said graphic representation being displayed in a synthetic of an outside landscape, said runway comprising a coloured rectangular form, an outline surrounding said form and markings, the position of the aircraft in relation to said runway being known in a horizontal plane with a first accuracy and in a vertical axis with a second accuracy. When the first accuracy is above a first threshold and/or when the second accuracy is above a second threshold, the appearance of the rectangular form or of the outline or of at least one marking is modified.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the graphical representation of a synthetic three dimensional view of the exterior landscape in an onboard visualisation system for aircraft, said graphical representation being displayed on a visualisation screen comprising the piloting and navigation information of said aircraft superposed onto said three-dimensional synthetic representation of the exterior landscape, said synthetic representation being computed up to a first determined distance, characterised in that said three-dimensional synthetic representation is tilted at a tilt angle about an axiom positioned at the level of the terrain in a substantially horizontal plane, and substantially perpendicularly to an axis between the flight direction and the heading of the aircraft, said axis moving with the aircraft.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of methods of three-dimensional graphical representation of a landing runway on a viewing screen of an onboard viewing system for aircraft, the said graphical representation being displayed in a synthetic view of an exterior landscape. The graphical representation according to the invention comprises a line disposed along the axis of the runway, the said line being a straight stripe inclined by an angle of between one and a few degrees with respect to the horizontal, the said line beginning at the runway threshold.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for graphic representation of the relative position of the sky and of the earth in an onboard display system for aircraft, said graphic representation being displayed on a display screen comprising piloting and navigation information superimposed on a three-dimensional synthetic representation of the outside landscape. Said graphic representation is displayed only when the attitude of the aircraft is unusual, an unusual attitude corresponding to a roll value or to a pitch value located outside of a first range of nominal values. It comprises two disc segments of identical form, that are opaque and of different colour, situated symmetrically on a circle concentric to that bearing the roll scale, the straight-line segments of the two disc segments being parallel to the line representing the zero longitudinal trim indicator, the rotation of the two disc segments being slaved to the rotation of said zero longitudinal trim indicator.

Abstract: The general field of the invention is that of the methods for graphically representing a first image from an image sensor of the outside landscape superimposed on a second image representing a synthetic image of the same outside landscape, the two images being displayed on a display screen of an onboard display system for aircraft. The first image comprises three rectangular zones of increasing transparency, each zone having a width equal to that of the first image and a determined height, the sum of the three heights being equal to the height of the first image, the first zone situated at the bottom of the image having a first constant level of transparency, the third zone situated at the top of the image having a second constant level of transparency greater than the first level of transparency, the second zone situated between the first zone and the third zone having a level of transparency that is continuously variable between the first level and the second level.

Abstract: Visual display systems are described having means for generating stereoscopic images, a device for visual display of said stereoscopic images having a projector and a semitransparent screen; and a pair of stereoscopic spectacles. The projector according to the invention has an imager and an interference filter, the spectral transmission of which has at least one transmission band of determined width centred around a wavelength, said wavelength being dependent on the incidence of the light on said interference filter. The projector has means allowing the angular position of the filter to be varied between two determined positions so as to transmit, according to the position, either a first spectral band or a second spectral band. The pair of stereoscopic spectacles has a first lens transmitting the first spectral band and blocking the second spectral band and a second lens providing the opposite function.