Abstract: The relative abundance of bacterial species in a patient’s microbiome is quantified using DNA nanostructures that fluoresce multiple colors. Immobilizing binders have binding sites with nucleotide sequences complementary to those at a primary site on rRNA subunits of each selected bacterial species. Fluorophore binders have binding sites with nucleotide sequences complementary to those at a secondary site on the rRNA subunits. The fluorophore binders for each bacterial species are attached to nanostructures that fluoresce a particular color for each bacteria. The immobilizing binders are attached to the surface of a microscopy chamber. RNA subunits are extracted from a microbiome sample of the patient and are attached to the corresponding immobilizing binders and fluorophore binders such that the RNA subunits of each bacterial species fluoresce a color unique to the species. DNA nanostructures emitting the same color are counted to determine the relative concentration of the bacterial species in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a DNA nanostructure for detecting a target structure. In particular, the present invention relates to a DNA nanostructure, which ensures a preferably linear dependence on the number of marker molecules and the measurement signal regardless of the physical arrangement of a plurality of such DNA nanostructures by virtue of the skilled selection of the shape of the DNA nanostructure and the placement of the marker molecules attached to it. The invention additionally relates to the use of said DNA nanostructures and other nanoreporters, preferably in combination with adapters which bind specifically to target molecules, in a method for quantifying a plurality of target molecules, preferably in a simultaneous manner, using a multiplex method.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a medical device (100) for inducing cell death in cancer cells. The device comprises a signal generator (102) arranged to generate a pulsed electrical signal, and a transmitter (116) arranged to receive the pulsed electrical signal and generate, in response to the electrical signal, an electric field in a treatment volume. The device (100) is arranged such that the pulsed electrical signal received by the transmitter (116) has a pulse width of 0.1 microsecond to 1 millisecond, and a signal frequency of 10 Megahertz to 20 Gigahertz. The present disclosure also provides a method of inducing cell death. The method comprising a step of generating, using a transmitter (116), a pulsed time varying electric field in a treatment volume comprising a volume of cells to be treated. The electric field has a pulse width of 0.1 microsecond to 1 millisecond, and a signal frequency of 10 Megahertz to 20 Gigahertz.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a DNA nanostructure for detecting a target structure. In particular, the present invention relates to a DNA nanostructure, which ensures a preferably linear dependence on the number of marker molecules and the measurement signal regardless of the physical arrangement of a plurality of such DNA nanostructures by virtue of the skilled selection of the shape of the DNA nanostructure and the placement of the marker molecules attached to it. The invention additionally relates to the use of said DNA nanostructures and other nanoreporters, preferably in combination with adapters which bind specifically to target molecules, in a method for quantifying a plurality of target molecules, preferably in a simultaneous manner, using a multiplex method.

Abstract: A pre-characterised high frequency signal (14) is provided by means of a non-linear circuit, for example an amplifier circuit (10), fed with a first signal (12) with a component at a first, fundamental, frequency (FO). The amplifier circuit generates an output signal comprising harmonic components (14h1, 14h2, 14h3) having stable and predetermined phase relation relative to each other. Information concerning the phase relation of the harmonic frequency components is provided, for example by means of a data file (16). At least two of the harmonic components are at the tenth or lower harmonic frequencies. The signal strength of such low-order harmonic components may be relative high, thus enabling the provision of a pre-characterised high frequency multi-tone signal from the amplifier circuit with high signal to noise ratio.

Abstract: A pre-characterised high frequency signal (14) is provided by means of a non-linear circuit, for example an amplifier circuit (10), fed with a first signal (12) with a component at a first, fundamental, frequency (FO). The amplifier circuit generates an output signal comprising harmonic components (14h1, 14h2, 14h3) having stable and predetermined phase relation relative to each other. Information concerning the phase relation of the harmonic frequency components is provided, for example by means of a data file (16). At least two of the harmonic components are at the tenth or lower harmonic frequencies. The signal strength of such low-order harmonic components may be relative high, thus enabling the provision of a pre-characterised high frequency multi-tone signal from the amplifier circuit with high signal to noise ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measurement system and method for analysing, and characterising, the behaviour of a high frequency device, commonly referred to in the art as a device under test (or DUT) at relatively high power levels. Such devices may for example need to be analysed when designing devices or designing circuits utilising such devices, for use in high power (large signal) high frequency amplifiers, such as an amplifier for use in a mobile telephone network or other telecommunications-related base-station. The measurement apparatus for measuring the response of an electronic device to a high frequency input signal includes an active load-pull circuit connectable in use to an electronic device to be measured. The active load-pull circuit includes a passive load-pull device.

Abstract: The invention concerns a high frequency non-linear measurement system for analysing the behaviour of a high frequency device, for example a device for use in a high power, high frequency amplifier, such as an amplifier for use in a mobile telephone network or other telecommunications-related base-station. An embodiment of the invention provides a high frequency non-linear measurement system including one or more multiplexer circuits. Each multiplexer circuit comprises a first signal-combining circuit and a second signal-combining circuit. Each signal-combining circuit comprises a pair of directional couplers connected via a pair of signal filters arranged in parallel.

Abstract: In a passenger automobile having a pressure tank which extends along the longitudinal vehicle axis, the tank comprises between its front and rear ends at least one conical section.

Abstract: An analyser for measuring the response of an electronic device (DUT 206) to an RF input signal from a signal generator 240a is described. An active load pull circuit 201 is connected to the DUT 206, which receives an output signal from the DUT 206 and then feeds a modified signal back to the DUT 206. The signal is modified by a signal processing circuit 237 in view of input signals x, y to control the magnitude gain and phase change effected by the feedback circuit 237. Thus, positive feedback loops are avoided and better control of the analyser is permitted. A network analyser, or other signal measuring device 242, logs the waveforms (from which s-parameters derived) observed at ports of the DUT 206, thereby allowing the behaviour of the DUT 206 under various load conditions to be analysed.

Abstract: An analyzer for measuring the response of an electronic device (DUT 206) to an RF input signal from a signal generator (240a) is described. An active load pull circuit (201) is connected to the DUT 206, which receives an output signal from the DUT 206 and then feeds a modified signal back to the DUT 206. The signal is modified by a signal processing circuit (237) in view of input signals x, y to control the magnitude gain and phase change effected by the feedback circuit (237). Thus, positive feedback loops are avoided and better control of the analyzer is permitted. A network analyzer, or other signal measuring device (242), logs the waveforms (from which s-parameters derived) observed at ports of the DUT 206, thereby allowing the behavior of the DUT 206 under various load conditions to be analyzed.

Abstract: In a passenger automobile having a pressure tank which extends along the longitudinal vehicle axis, the tank comprises between its front and rear ends at least one conical section.

Abstract: A bias T device (20) and a method for combining a first DC signal with a second RF signal is disclosed. The device (20) is provided with a first signal splitting means (30) in the form of a hybrid 90 degree (quadrature) coupler having at least two isolated transmission lines (34,40). The first signal splitting means (30) is adapted to receive said first signal at one input (22) and said second signal at another input (24). A second signal splitting means (32) having at least two isolated transmission lines (34?, 40?) is also provided. Said second signal splitting means (32) is coupled to said first signal splitting means (30) such that the respective sets of transmission lines (34, 34?, 40, 40?) comprise isolated signal routes (70, 72) through said device (20). An output (26) provides an output signal comprising a combination of said first DC signal and said second RF signal.

Abstract: An analyzer for measuring the response of an electronic device (DUT 206) to an RF input signal from a signal generator (240a) is described. An active load pull circuit (201) is connected to the DUT 206, which receives an output signal from the DUT 206 and then feeds a modified signal back to the DUT 206. The signal is modified by a signal processing circuit (237) in view of input signals x, y to control the magnitude gain and phase change effected by the feedback circuit (237). Thus, positive feedback loops are avoided and better control of the analyzer is permitted. A network analyzer, or other signal measuring device (242), logs the waveforms (from which s-parameters derived) observed at ports of the DUT 206, thereby allowing the behaviour of the DUT 206 under various load conditions to be analyzed.

Abstract: A bias T device (20) and a method for combining a first DC signal with a second RF signal is disclosed. The device (20) is provided with a first signal splitting means (30) in the form of a hybrid 90 degree (quadrature) coupler having at least two isolated transmission lines (34,40). The first signal splitting means (30) is adapted to receive said first signal at one input (22) and said second signal at another input (24). A second signal splitting means (32) having at least two isolated transmission lines (34?, 40?) is also provided. Said second signal splitting means (32) is coupled to said first signal splitting means (30) such that the respective sets of transmission lines (34, 34?, 40, 40?) comprise isolated signal routes (70, 72) through said device (20). An output (26) provides an output signal comprising a combination of said first DC signal and said second RF signal.

Abstract: A method of measuring the response of an electronic device to a high frequency input signal is performed with an analyzer (1).

Abstract: A method of measuring the response of an electronic device to a high frequency input signal is performed with an analyzer (1).