Abstract: A cooling shield is to be made available, in particular within the pressure container, with conical regions for the exit of gas or slag, in a gasification reactor (1) for producing crude gas containing CO or H2, having a pressure container (2) and a reaction chamber (4) formed by a membrane wall (3) of cooling pipes, wherein an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the pressure container (2) and the membrane wall (3), wherein elements such as burners (17) or the like are provided, which elements horizontally pass through the pressure container wall in the membrane wall substantially on the same plane (18), wherein the suspension or connection between the cooling shield and pressure container (load removal) is optimized, while avoiding difference expansions. This is achieved in that, for removal of the load on the membrane wall (3), direct or indirect support takes place at the cooling inlet lines (5) or mixture outlet lines (14).

Abstract: In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, subsequently a transition region and a quench chamber are provided, with a slag/water bath following in the direction of gravity, a funnel-shaped slag collection container is provided in the slag/water bath, which container is equipped, in the inflow direction of the slag, with a second funnel-shaped insert as a precipitation cone, the funnel wall of which forms a circumferential ring gap to the slag collection container, and the free border edge of which is positioned above the free border edge of the slag collection container.

Abstract: A gasification reactor for producing crude gas, containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, has a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, is provided, with a narrowing transition channel into a gas cooling chamber, and spin-reducing, cooled bulkheads in the transition channel. The, wall that carries the bulkheads makes a transition, below the bulkheads, into a cylinder wall that is reduced in diameter, by way of a step having a corrugated surface. The cylinder wall, which is reduced in diameter, is enclosed by a further cylindrical wall, which is enlarged in diameter, which wall forms a second slag drip edge at its end, in the direction of gravity. The further cylindrical wall is disposed to be adjustable in its vertical position, with reference to the first drip edge.

Abstract: It is supposed to be possible to achieve an essentially uniform water film protecting the corresponding metal panels, in a gasification reactor for producing crude gas containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which cooling medium flows, a transition area as well as a quench chamber with a slag collection container that follows in the direction of gravity are provided within a pressure container. This is achieved in that, in addition to a device (14, 15) forming a water film (16) in the quench chamber (11), at least a part of the cylinder forming the quench chamber wall (17) is designed with a double wall and with a coolant overflow (21) for additionally wetting (18) the inner surface of the quench chamber wall (17), and a tangential coolant supply (20) in the bottom area of the double walled cylinder (19) which is closed at the bottom.

Abstract: With a method for the generation of synthesis gas by means of gasification of solid or liquid carbonaceous fuels with an oxidation agent containing oxygen, in a reactor, wherein the synthesis gas is passed out of the reactor overhead, and the mineral ash/slag droplets that occur during the reaction are passed out of the reactor downward, in the direction of gravity, it is supposed to be made possible to use a flue-tube boiler, which is clearly less expensive, for heat removal in place of radiant boilers. This is achieved in that the synthesis gas is passed over a hot-gas filter (2), without being cooled, and subsequently passed through a flue-tube boiler (3), for cooling, wherein ash/slag particles precipitated on the hot-gas filter (2) are passed back into the gasification reactor (1), in the direction of gravity.

Abstract: With a method for the generation of synthesis gas by means of gasification of solid or liquid carbonaceous fuels with an oxidation agent containing oxygen, in a reactor, wherein the synthesis gas is passed out of the reactor overhead, and the mineral ash/slag droplets that occur during the reaction are passed out of the reactor downward, in the direction of gravity, it is supposed to be made possible to use a flue-tube boiler, which is clearly less expensive, for heat removal in place of radiant boilers. This is achieved in that the synthesis gas is passed over a hot-gas filter (2), without being cooled, and subsequently passed through a flue-tube boiler (3), for cooling, wherein ash/slag particles precipitated on the hot-gas filter (2) are passed back into the gasification reactor (1), in the direction of gravity.

Abstract: In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, is provided, with a narrowing transition channel into a gas cooling chamber, wherein spin-reducing, cooled bulkheads are provided in the transition channel, a solution is to be created, with which a strand formation of the outflowing ash can be achieved, for one thing, and, for another, a further slag drip edge that ensures optimal slag outflow is made available.

Abstract: In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, subsequently a transition region and a quench chamber are provided, with a slag/water bath following in the direction of gravity, a solution is to be created, with which the slag container, in particular, is given an economically advantageous configuration, while simultaneously multiplying the method of functioning.

Abstract: It is supposed to be possible to achieve an essentially uniform water film protecting the corresponding metal panels, in a gasification reactor for producing crude gas containing CO or H2, by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which cooling medium flows, a transition area as well as a quench chamber with a slag collection container that follows in the direction of gravity are provided within a pressure container. This is achieved in that, in addition to a device (14, 15) forming a water film (16) in the quench chamber (11), at least a part of the cylinder forming the quench chamber wall (17) is designed with a double wall and with a coolant overflow (21) for additionally wetting (18) the inner surface of the quench chamber wall (17), and a tangential coolant supply (20) in the bottom area of the double walled cylinder (19) which is closed at the bottom.

Abstract: A cooling shield is to be made available, in particular within the pressure container, with conical regions for the exit of gas or slag, in a gasification reactor (1) for producing crude gas containing CO or H2, having a pressure container (2) and a reaction chamber (4) formed by a membrane wall (3) of cooling pipes, wherein an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the pressure container (2) and the membrane wall (3), wherein elements such as burners (17) or the like are provided, which elements horizontally pass through the pressure container wall in the membrane wall substantially on the same plane (18), wherein the suspension or connection between the cooling shield and pressure container (load removal) is optimized, while avoiding difference expansions. This is achieved in that, for removal of the load on the membrane wall (3), direct or indirect support takes place at the cooling inlet lines (5) or mixture outlet lines (14).

Abstract: With a slag runner on burners or burner niches for protection against dripping slag, which occurs during the gasification of fine-particle fuels that contain ash, within a gasifier, reliable protection of the burner exits or the burner niches to prevent them from becoming clogged with slag is supposed to be made available. This is achieved in that the slag runner (8) is formed by a plurality of pipe elbows (9) through which cooling medium flows, which elbows, in the installed position, form a runner surface that faces into the interior of the gasifier, stands at a slant relative to the gasifier wall (1), and shields the burner (2) or the burner niche (7) at the upper region, in the direction of gravity, which surface configures an essentially acute angle (?) relative to the burner wall (1).

Abstract: With a method for cooling units subjected to stress at high temperatures, in cooled reactors for gasification of fuels that contain carbon, using gasification media that contain oxygen, whereby the reactor walls are cooled by way of a coolant circuit, penetration of substances from the reactor into the cooling circuit in the event of possible leaks is supposed to be reliably prevented. This is achieved in that the units to be cooled, such as, for example, gasification burners, burner muffles, or the like, are equipped with an independent cooling circuit, whereby this cooling circuit is directly connected with the main cooling circuit.