Abstract: An electrowetting optical element for enabling powering of a first and a second electrode layer for rearranging a polar liquid relative to a non-polar liquid on a hydrophobic surface of an insulating layer. The electrowetting optical element includes a first electrode layer stack, a second electrode layer stack, one or more cell walls extending between the first and second electrode stacks, and a formed containment space containing a polar liquid and a non-polar liquid wherein the liquids are immiscible with each other. Each of the one or more cell walls are mounted on a second interface surface of the second electrode layer stack and extend towards the first electrode layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a coffee beverage having a reduced terpene content, in which terpene content is reduced by increasing the particle size of the coffee grounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for determining the pollution status of a particle filter (10) for an air-cleaning device (1) with increased accuracy at low extra costs.

Abstract: A ventilation unit is for ventilating an indoor space, and incorporates an air cleaning device and mechanical restrictor for controlling a restriction to a flow resulting from a pressure differential across the unit. There is determination of the inside and outside air pressures in the vicinity of the unit and of air quality parameters inside and outside. The air cleaning device and the mechanical restrictor are controlled in dependence on the determined air pressures and air quality parameters. This provides a fan-less, and hence low-power ventilation unit, which relies on throttling the natural air flow across the unit to provide flow control, and hence enable control of air quality. The air cleaning device may be operated only when the flow is into the inside space, saving power.

Abstract: An electrostatic air cleaning device comprises a particle charging section, a particle precipitation section, a current sensor for measuring an electric current flowing through electrode plates of the precipitation section and a relative humidity sensor. The voltage applied to the electrode plates and the air flow through the device are controlled in dependence on the measured current flowing through the electrode plates. In this way, control is provided to prevent excessive electric leakage currents inside the precipitation section, that may lead to a hazard, and to optimize the energy efficiency of the cleaning device in relation to its cleaning performance. The relative humidity information also enables diagnosis of the cause of the high leakage current and the status of the precipitation section concerning the amount of precipitated particles therein.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a coffee beverage having a reduced terpene content, where a brew chamber has a brew area A is provided and a volume of water is provided to flow through the coffee grounds in the brew chamber and out of the brew chamber to provide a coffee beverage, and where the flow rate of water provided through coffee grounds in the brew chamber is F and the ratio of F/A is about 0.15 cm/s or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for determining the pollution status of a particle filter (10) for an air-cleaning device (1) with increased accuracy at low extra costs.

Abstract: A ventilation unit is for ventilating an indoor space, and incorporates an air cleaning device and mechanical restrictor for controlling a restriction to a flow resulting from a pressure differential across the unit. There is determination of the inside and outside air pressures in the vicinity of the unit and of air quality parameters inside and outside. The air cleaning device and the mechanical restrictor are controlled in dependence on the determined air pressures and air quality parameters. This provides a fan-less, and hence low-power ventilation unit, which relies on throttling the natural air flow across the unit to provide flow control, and hence enable control of air quality. The air cleaning device may be operated only when the flow is into the inside space, saving power.

Abstract: Presented is an air cleaning system, comprising: an electrostatic precipitation air filter comprising a collector electrode, a repeller electrode and a corona wire; a detection system for detecting particles; characterized in that: the detection system is configured to determine a status of the electrostatic precipitation filter from an amount of particles present on the collector electrode. Further presented are methods for determining a status of an electrostatic precipitation air filter and methods for determining a particle size distribution in air.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a coffee beverage having a reduced terpene content, where a brew chamber has a brew area A is provided and a volume of water is provided to flow through the coffee grounds in the brew chamber and out of the brew chamber to provide a coffee beverage, and where the flow rate of water provided through coffee grounds in the brew chamber is F and the ratio of F/A is about 0.15 cm/s or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic air cleaning device comprises a particle charging section, a panicle precipitation section, a current sensor for measuring an electric current flowing through electrode plates of the precipitation section and a relative humidity sensor. The voltage applied to the electrode plates and the air flow through the device are am trolled in dependence on the measured current flowing through the electrode plates. In this way, control is provided to prevent excessive electric leakage currents inside the precipitation section, that may lead to a hazard, and to optimize the energy efficiency of the cleaning device in relation to its cleaning performance. The relative humidity information also enables diagnosis of the cause of the high leakage current and the status of the precipitation section concerning the amount of precipitated particles therein.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a coffee beverage having a reduced terpene content, in which terpene content is reduced by increasing the particle size of the coffee grounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device that can reliably characterize a size distribution of electrically-charged airborne particles in an air flow under both stationary conditions and transient conditions. The device comprises a particle charging unit, a first particle precipitation unit located downstream of the particle charging unit, a second particle precipitation unit located downstream of the first particle precipitation unit, and a data evaluation unit. The first particle precipitation unit is arranged to partially reduce the concentration of electrically-charged airborne particles having a size larger than a first particle size limit, and to generate a first output signal corresponding to the precipitation of electrically-charged airborne particles inside the first particle precipitation unit.

Abstract: A particle sensor is disclosed capable of sensing airborne particles larger than about 10 nm in an airflow passing through a passage inside the sensor. The sensor comprises a high-voltage discharge electrode for generating airborne unipolar ions that charge the airborne particles in the airflow. The generated ions are furthermore used to set-up an ionic wind between the discharge electrode and a counter electrode inside the sensor. The ionic wind is the driving force for maintaining the airflow through the sensor and allows sensor operation to occur free of audible noise. The presence of charged particles in the airflow is measured by an electrical current meter in the particle sensing section which measures the particle-bound charge that precipitates per unit time on the surface of a precipitation electrode after all airborne ions have been removed from air by a separate screening electrode positioned upstream of the particle sensing section.

Abstract: A particle sensor is disclosed capable of sensing airborne particles larger than about 10 nm in an airflow passing through a passage inside the sensor. The sensor comprises a high-voltage discharge electrode for generating airborne unipolar ions that charge the airborne particles in the airflow. The generated ions are furthermore used to set-up an ionic wind between the discharge electrode and a counter electrode inside the sensor. The ionic wind is the driving force for maintaining the airflow through the sensor and allows sensor operation to occur free of audible noise. The presence of charged particles in the airflow is measured by an electrical current meter in the particle sensing section which measures the particle-bound charge that precipitates per unit time on the surface of a precipitation electrode after all airborne ions have been removed from air by a separate screening electrode positioned upstream of the particle sensing section.

Abstract: A lighting device (1) comprising at least one light source (3) as well as a light reflector disposed beside the light source (3) for reflection of at least part of the light radiated from the light source (3), a special feature being the fact that the light reflector comprises at least one light-transmitting element (4) bounding a space (5) at least in part, as well as a diffusely reflective powder (6) present inside said space (5).

Abstract: An illumination system comprising, a) a light source; b) a light-directing assembly (1) in close proximity to the light source and comprising a plurality of microprisms (6), each microprism comprising an input surface (7) that admits light radiating from the light source, an output surface (8) distal from and parallel to the input surface (7), and at least one sidewall (9) disposed between and contiguous with the input and output surfaces and forming an obtuse tilt angle with respect to the input surface (7) and further positioned for effecting total reflection of the light rays received by the input surface (7), the sidewalls (9) of the microprisms (6) defining interstitial regions (10) between the microprisms (6); c) at least one blocking means (11) positioned to block the passage of light through the sidewalls (9); and d) an optical means (2, 3, 4) located between the light source and the light-directing assembly (1), with the special feature that e) said optical means (2, 3, 4) comprise a reflective powde

Abstract: A dynamic foil display 900 is provided wherein the spacer elements 902, 904 also serve as resistance-reducing tracks for the electrode circuitry. Resistance-reduction can thereby be provided for the row and column electrodes as well as for the foil electrode. To this end a foil display 900 comprises a light guide plate 905; a passive plate 910; and a transparent light-scattering foil 903 sandwiched between and separated from said plates by means of spacer elements 902, 904 is described. The spacer elements 902, 904 are arranged essentially along rows and columns on said plates 905, 910 and thereby define a plurality of pixel elements arranged in a matrix configuration along said rows and columns.

Abstract: A display device comprising a light guide (12), a back plate (14), a flexible element (15) arranged in between said light guide (12) and said back plate (14), and addressable electrodes (23) for inducing electrostatic forces on said element (15) a for bringing selected portions of said element (15) into contact with said light guide (12), in order to extract light from said light guide (12). The addressable electrodes (23) are arranged only on one of said light guide (12) and said back plate (14), and a biasing force acts on said flexible element (15) in a direction away from said addressable electrodes (23). The voltages required to operate the display will also be lower compared to the conventional foil display. In principle it is feasible to keep the electrode of the flexible element at ground potential while applying 10-20V pulses to the addressable electrodes to overcome the biasing force.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing an field emission electrode, including a field emission electrode substrate (1) and a plurality of emitter particles (2) arranged on said field emission electrode substrate (1), comprising the steps of:—dispersing said emitter particles (2) as aerosolized emitter particles (2) in a carrier gas stream;—electrically charging said emitter particles (2); and—directing said charged emitter particles (2) in the carrier gas stream via at least one outlet towards the field emission electrode substrate (1) while maintaining an electric field between the substrate (1) and a deposition electrode (10) near the outlet, whereafter said emitter particles (2) are deposited on and adhered to said field emission electrode substrate (1).