Abstract: The inventive inhaler functions in a similar way to a cigarette but without the formation of carcinogenic substances and carbon monoxide, as instead of tobacco or other substances containing carbon, metallic components of a combustion body (3) are burnt. The air thus heated is used to evaporate the stimulant or active ingredient. The combustion metals are the physiological metals magnesium and iron or alloys of said metals comprising the elements sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc and phosphorus. The inventive disposable inhaler is used for the application of stimulants (nicotine) or medicinal active ingredients.

Abstract: A method and device for measuring a switched current (IH) comprises: sensing the switched current (IH) with an AC current transformer to obtain an intermediate measuring signal (VHM); receiving a timing signal indicating on and off periods of the switched current (IH); during an off period, generating an auxiliary signal such that the sum of the intermediate measuring signal and the auxiliary signal is equal to zero; and during an on period, adding the intermediate measuring signal and said the auxiliary signal and providing the sum signal as the output measuring signal, the output measuring signal reflecting an actual value of the AC part and the DC part of the switched current (IH).

Abstract: A chain member assembly for a tire chain has a link having at least one receiving opening delimited by a wall and a ring member engaging the receiving opening. The wall of the receiving opening has at least in the contact area with the ring member at least two contact surfaces spaced apart from one another and a recessed wall section positioned between the at least two contact surfaces. The ring member has an inner side that rests areally against the at least two contact surfaces.

Abstract: A record carrier includes a pattern of substantially parallel tracks for storing data in the form of marks, in which the data is encoded by a channel code. A watermark is provided by controlling the parameter of the channel code so as to introduce a predetermined run length distribution in the marks on the record carrier. Brightness differences are caused by introducing this run length distribution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a record carrier (1) comprising a pattern of substantially parallel tracks (2) for storing data in the form of marks, in which the data is encoded by means of a channel code. The record carrier further includes a watermark (3) which is provided by controlling the parameter of the channel code so as to introduce a predetermined run length distribution in the marks on the record carrier. Brightness differences are caused by introducing this run length distribution. The invention also relates to a device for reading a record carrier, a method of providing a watermark on the record carrier, and a device for providing a watermark on a record carrier.

Abstract: A process is provided for automatically screw-connecting two components using the torque-controlled tightening method, and to a stud and a union nut provided for carrying out the process. Also provided are an automatic fitting machine and a connecting element via which the two components are screw-connected. In order for it to be possible to execute the screw-connection operation quickly and to obtain a secure connection between the two components, the process provides for the connecting element first of all to be pre-tightened with rotary-angle control and then to be tightened definitively with torque control. The connecting element has two same-direction threaded sections of different pitches and each threaded section is screw-connected to one component in each case. The stud for carrying out the process has a screw head for the engagement of a suitable fitting tool, a marking which indicates the angular position of the stud being arranged on the screw head.

Abstract: A lubricating-oil device for an internal combustion engine having two cylinder banks and a lubricating oil circuit with a main oil passage in each cylinder bank comprises a casing cover which is mounted on the front of the engine and includes a heat exchanger and an oil filter with all required communication passages for the oil and a supply passage which interconnects the main oil passages in the cylinder banks and which is in communication with the oil filter outlet for concurrently supplying filtered oil from the oil filter to both main oil passages.

Abstract: In a multicylinder internal combustion engine with cylinder banks arranged in the shape of a V wherein a single cam shaft is supported centrally within the V space between the cylinder banks and push rods are disposed in push rod guides formed alongside the two cylinder banks so as to be operable by the cam shaft for actuating inlet and outlet valves of associated cylinders via rocker arms, fuel injection pumps are supported in mounting openings formed into the cylinder banks along the sides thereof so as to be also operable by the cam shaft for the injection of fuel into the cylinders via injectors mounted to the cylinders, the push rods and the fuel pumps are also arranged in V-shaped rows along the cylinder banks and coolant channels extend along each cylinder bank between the cylinders and the fuel pumps wherein, a cross-sectional plane extending through a particular cylinder, the pump mounting openings, the coolant channels, the push rod guides and the associated cylinder are disposed in a fan-like arran

Abstract: A casing cover for an internal combustion engine with an engine casing having two cylinder banks is mounted on one end of the engine casing and includes an oil cooler, an oil filter, an oil filter bypass arrangement and also a transverse cooling water passage in communication with main cooling water passages extending along the cylinder banks and a transverse oil passage in communication with main oil passages also extending along the cylinder banks, and comprises three adjacent but separate functional areas, a first lowermost area which includes the lubricating oil passages leading to and from the oil cooler, the oil filter and the main oil passages, a second functional area which includes a cooling water space receiving the oil cooler and is disposed above the first functional area and a third functional area which is disposed next to the second functional area and includes cooling water return passages receiving the cooling water from said cylinder banks.

Abstract: In a fuel line arrangement in the cylinder housing of an internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in line and upstanding mounting structures with support bores for the reception of plug-in fuel injection pumps formed on the sides of the cylinders a fuel return passage extends through the cylinder housing so as to intersect all the fuel pump support bores, a fuel supply passage extends through the cylinder housing parallel to the fuel return passage and oblique passages extend between the fuel supply passages and the respective fuel pump support bores for supplying fuel to the plug-in pumps within the fuel pump support bores, the oblique passages being arranged such that their outward extensions are within the confines of the fuel pump support bore top opening to facilitate drilling of the oblique bores.

Abstract: An exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine is described, in the turbine housing of which there is arranged upstream of the turbine wheel a turbine guide wheel which is mounted rotatably relative to the turbine wheel. In order to be able to improve the response of the internal combustion engine after a positive load change without any impairment of the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine, it is proposed to provide at least one braking device which reduces the speed of the turbine guide apparatus in higher load.

Abstract: A plurality of reactors, which can all be interconnected selectively by way of pipes, are used for the hydrolytic separation of a cellulose-containing substrate so that a stepwise pressure reduction in one reactor is made possible and thus a stepwise pressure build-up in all the other reactors. The steam entering and leaving the reactors is used to produce a fluidized bed of the substrate. A high output with a low specific expenditure of energy is achieved by these measures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft drive for an internal-combustion engine of V-type having a crankshaft with two mutually offset crank pins per throw, the pins being inter-connected via a narrow intermediate element. In order to ensure an optimum axial guidance of two connecting rods mounted rotatably on the crank pins, even without an intermediate web, the intermediate element has a cross-sectional area which largely corresponds to the overlapping sectional areas of the two crank pins. Moreover, each connecting rod is guided by means of an axial stop surface arranged on the large connecting rod eye of the adjacent connecting rod.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft drive for an internal-combustion engine of V-type with a crankshaft, which has two mutually offset crank pins per throw, which pins are interconnected via an intermediate web. In order both to minimize the amount of machining required on the intermediate web and to ensure an optimum axial guidance of two connecting rods mounted on the crank pins, the intermediate web has an axial stop collar on either side and the intermediate web is of an enlarged design such that the axial stop surface of the connecting rods cannot jut out from the projected area of the intermediate web in any crankshaft position.

Abstract: In a device for receiving and transposing of plates (2), in particular glass plates from a substantially horizontal position or reversed, a pivot arm (6) is pivotable around a longitudinal axis (7) into two end positions, namely into a receiving position and a release position. A support frame (8) is mounted on the pivotable end of the pivot arm (6) being pivotably mounted around a horizontal axis (10). The support frame (8) is provided with suction cups (9) for receiving a plate (2) and is forcibly guided, so that it is turned around its pivot axis (10) at an angle which is smaller than 90.degree. during the movement of pivot arm (6) from one end position into the other. The support frame (8) is rigidly connected with a guide rod (15) disposed in a vertical plane for an exact and poor wear guide, whereby the guide rod is guided longitudinally displaceable in guide bushing (16) which is supported pivotably and a horizontal axis (20) outside of the pivot radius (23) of pivot arm (6).

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting sheet material with large surface area, particularly photo-printing paper in strips, has a mobile head which is drawn along a guide path in the cutting direction over a processing table for the sheet by means of a traction device driven by an electric motor. The cutting head consists of a flat deflector located slightly above the processing table, a cutter extending into a groove which forms the guide path in the processing table, and a coupling element for connection to the traction device. Significantly, the deflector simultaneously deflects a further sheet of material while cutting the desired sheet of material.