Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems are defined for the efficient identification and location of changes in an electronic file by defining and applying a set of overlapping unique areas within the file. A signature for each unique area or bubble is determined and compared to the signature of the same set of unique areas applied to a target file.

Abstract: An action alignment system for event planning and execution searches out web sites relating to event planning and, based on web site content, constructs a database of various tasks that might be desired for different events (tasks can also be manually added to the database). The tasks have associated tags which allow a task search engine to match a user query representing a proposed event to potential tasks. This list of potential tasks is presented to the user who may then select the tasks as desired to customize the event plan. Vendors can provide pre-packaged deals for the tasks, and this information can be included with the task database, selected by the user, and added to the event plan. A scheduler and alert engine then inserts appropriate entries into the user's calendar, and sends timely alerts to the user which include links that simplify event management.

Abstract: An action alignment system for event planning and execution searches out web sites relating to event planning and, based on web site content, constructs a database of various tasks that might be desired for different events (tasks can also be manually added to the database). The tasks have associated tags which allow a task search engine to match a user query representing a proposed event to potential tasks. This list of potential tasks is presented to the user who may then select the tasks as desired to customize the event plan. Vendors can provide pre-packaged deals for the tasks, and this information can be included with the task database, selected by the user, and added to the event plan. A scheduler and alert engine then inserts appropriate entries into the user's calendar, and sends timely alerts to the user which include links that simplify event management.

Abstract: An action alignment system for event planning and execution searches out web sites relating to event planning and, based on web site content, constructs a database of various tasks that might be desired for different events (tasks can also be manually added to the database). The tasks have associated tags which allow a task search engine to match a user query representing a proposed event to potential tasks. This list of potential tasks is presented to the user who may then select the tasks as desired to customize the event plan. Vendors can provide pre-packaged deals for the tasks, and this information can be included with the task database, selected by the user, and added to the event plan. A scheduler and alert engine then inserts appropriate entries into the user's calendar, and sends timely alerts to the user which include links that simplify event management.

Abstract: An action alignment system for event planning and execution searches out web sites relating to event planning and, based on web site content, constructs a database of various tasks that might be desired for different events (tasks can also be manually added to the database). The tasks have associated tags which allow a task search engine to match a user query representing a proposed event to potential tasks. This list of potential tasks is presented to the user who may then select the tasks as desired to customize the event plan. Vendors can provide pre-packaged deals for the tasks, and this information can be included with the task database, selected by the user, and added to the event plan. A scheduler and alert engine then inserts appropriate entries into the user's calendar, and sends timely alerts to the user which include links that simplify event management.

Abstract: A passive microwave device combines energy from two microwave communication frequency bands into a common waveguide. Reciprocally, the device separates energy from two microwave frequency bands carried in a common waveguide into separate waveguides for each frequency band. The coupling is accomplished by means of probes that pass between the waveguides. The device can be used for the combination/separation of energy in the X-band and the Ku-band, wherein the Ku-band energy is coupled into/out of a square common waveguide by means of symmetrically positioned coaxial RF coupling probes. The coupling probes extend into both the common waveguide and also into rectangular Ku-band only waveguides. The X-band and Ku band are thus combined and/or separated passively for dual or multi-band antenna feeds in a compact, low cost package. The common waveguide is constructed to include a filter that substantially attenuates any Ku-band energy that would otherwise propagate towards the X-band input/output port.

Abstract: A filter for an electromagnetic signal is formed of a set of planar resonators, preferably of superconductor material, interspersed among a set of electrically conductive sheets, outermost ones of the sheets serving as ground planes, and the inner ones of the sheets having irises for coupling electromagnetic power between the resonators. The resonators and the sheets have a planar shape, are parallel to each other, and are stacked one upon the other. Dielectric material insulates and serves to support the resonators and the sheets in their respective locations. There are at least two resonators in the set of resonators, and at least one inner sheet of the set of sheets. A first coupling element serves to couple an electromagnetic signal to a first resonator of filter to excite in the first resonator a first mode of electromagnetic vibration in a plane defined by the axis and a point of coupling of the first coupling element.

Abstract: A push-push microwave oscillator has two branch oscillators fabricated of a transistor and transmission line elements extending from terminals of the transistor, and a resonator which is fabricated of an annulus of superconductor material and serves to phase lock oscillations of the two branch oscillators. The superconductor material is a composite of a rare earth element and copper oxide such as yttrium-barium-copper oxide. A first transmission line in each of the branch oscillators extends past the resonator with a spacing to provide for electromagnetic coupling between the branch oscillator and the resonator. A second transmission line in each of the branch oscillators has a length equal to approximately one-quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency to tune the branch oscillator to a common oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A conducting plane resonator (10) is used to stabilize an oscillating means (12) typically operating at microwave frequencies. The conducting plane resonator (10) is in proximity to the oscillating means (12) and is magnetically coupled thereto. In a first implementation, the conducting plane resonator (10) is magnetically coupled to an input conductor (16) of the oscillating means (12). In a second implementation, the conducting plane resonator (10) is magnetically coupled to an output conductor (18), which is coupled to the oscillating means (12). In a third implementation, the conducting plane resonator (10) is magnetically coupled to both the input conductor (16) and the output conductor (18). The conducting plane resonator (10) preferably comprises a thin, substantially planar conducting plane and is dimensioned such that it is resonant at the desired operating frequency. The conducting plane resonator (10) is preferably fabricated of a superconductor material to achieve high-Q performance.

Abstract: Planar dual mode filters (30) are formed by a conductive resonator (20) having circular symmetry and two pairs of symmetrically oriented planar conductive leads (22, 26 and 24, 28). The conductive leads (22, 26 and 24, 28) are aligned colinearly with two orthogonal diameters (32, 34, respectively) of the circular conductive resonator (20) and are electrically isolated from said resonator (20). A perturbation (38) located on an axis (36) oriented symmetrically with respect to the two pairs of conductive lead (22, 26 and 24, 28) couples electromagnetic modes which are injected into the resonator (20) by the planar conductive leads (22, 26 and 24, 28). Higher order filter circuits can be realized by combining multiple filters (30) of the present invention. The filters (30) are amenable to printed circuit (microstrip to stripline) fabrication using superconductors for the conductive elements.

Abstract: A dual mode microstrip resonator (1) usable in the design of microwave communication filters. The substantially square resonator (1) provides paths for a pair of orthogonal signals which are coupled together using a perturbation located in at least one corner of the resonator (1). The perturbation can be introduced by notching (3) the resonator (1) or by adding a metallic or dielectric stub (5) to the resonator (1).