Abstract: An inertial sensor includes at least one pair of sensor elements arranged in a linear array. Each sensor element has a frame and a movable mass suspended within the frame. The frames of each pair of sensor elements may be coupled so that the frames are allowed to move in anti-phase to one another along parallel axes but are substantially prevented from moving in phase with one another.

Abstract: A coupling apparatus allows anti-phase movements of inertial sensor element frames along parallel axes but substantially prevents in-phase movements of the frames. The coupling apparatus includes a bar coupled between first and second sensor element frames and at least one supporting structure supporting the bar. The at least one structure is coupled to a substrate underlying the frames. The structures allow the bar to rotate at a pivot point when the frames move in anti-phase to one another along substantially parallel axes but substantially prevent in-phase movements of the frames.

Abstract: A sensor element is capped by bonding or otherwise forming a cap on a sensor element. The sensor may be hermetically sealed by using a hermetic cap and hermetic bonding material or by applying a hermetic coating. The sensor may be filled with a gas at an elevated pressure. The sensor may alternatively or additionally be filled with a special gas, such as a gas having a density-to-viscosity ratio above approximately 0.2.

Abstract: An inertial sensor has an interior filled with a relatively low viscosity fill gas. To that end, the inertial sensor has a housing forming the noted interior, and a movable component within the interior. The inertial sensor also has the noted fill gas within the interior. The fill gas has a viscosity that is less than the viscosity of nitrogen under like conditions. For example, when subjected to the same temperatures and pressures, the fill gas has a viscosity that is less than the viscosity of nitrogen.

Abstract: A method and device for self-test of a sensor. The method includes stimulating the sensor with signals that generate sensor outputs at a frequency that differs from the frequency of expected sensed parameter signals. The sensor output is filtered to remove the effects of the stimulation inputs, generating a sensed parameter signal. The unfiltered sensor output is compared to the expected output of the sensor with the stimulus input. A malfunctioning sensor may be detected by the comparison and appropriate action may then be taken.

Abstract: A micromachined device has a body suspended over a substrate and movable in a plane relative to the substrate. The body has a perimeter portion, a first cross-piece portion extending from one part of the perimeter portion to another part of the perimeter portion to define at least first and second apertures, a first plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the first aperture, and a second plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the second aperture.

Abstract: Quadrature suppression is provided by placing a resonator mass adjacent to a quadrature suppression electrode. The resonator mass is capable of moving substantially parallel to the quadrature suppression electrode and includes a notch formed adjacent to a portion of the quadrature suppression electrode such that a length of resonator mass that is directly adjacent to the quadrature suppression electrode varies as the resonator mass moves relative to the quadrature suppression electrode. The quadrature suppression electrode is capable of producing a lateral force on the resonator mass that varies based on the length of resonator mass that is directly adjacent to the quadrature suppression electrode. Such quadrature suppression can be used in sensors having one or more resonator masses.

Abstract: A micromachined gyroscope makes use of Coriolis acceleration to detect and measure rotation rate about a plane normal to the surface of a substrate. Specifically, various resonating structures are suspended within a frame. The resonating structures include phase and anti-phase masses that are mechanically coupled in order to produce a single resonance frequency for the entire resonating system. Rotation of the micromachined gyroscope about the plane produces a rotational force on the frame. The frame is suspended in such a way that its motion is severely restricted in all but the rotational direction. Sensors on all sides of the frame detect the rotational deflection of the frame for measuring the change in direction.

Abstract: A micromachined gyroscope makes use of Coriolis acceleration to detect and measure rotation rate about a plane normal to the surface of a substrate. Specifically, various resonating structures are suspended within a frame. The resonating structures include phase and anti-phase masses that are mechanically coupled in order to produce a single resonance frequency for the entire resonating system. Rotation of the micromachined gyroscope about the plane produces a rotational force on the frame. The frame is suspended in such a way that its motion is severely restricted in all but the rotational direction. Sensors on all sides of the frame detect the rotational deflection of the frame for measuring the change in direction.

Abstract: A voltage multiplier has a first stage that multiplies an input voltage, and a second stage that multiplies the output of the first stage. To that end, the voltage multiplier has the noted first stage having an input to receive the input voltage, and the second stage in series with the first stage. As noted above, the first stage is capable of multiplying the input voltage by a first amount to produce a first stage output voltage. The second stage thus has an input to receive the first stage output voltage. After receipt, the second stage is capable of multiplying the first stage output voltage by a second amount to produce a second stage output voltage.

Abstract: A six degree-of-freedom micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 3-axes of acceleration sensing, and 3-axes of angular rate sensing, in a single multi-sensor device. The six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device includes a first multi-sensor substructure providing 2-axes of acceleration sensing and 1-axis of angular rate sensing, and a second multi-sensor substructure providing a third axis of acceleration sensing, and second and third axes of angular rate sensing. The first and second multi-sensor substructures are implemented on respective substrates within the six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device.

Abstract: A micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 2-axes of acceleration sensing and 1-axis of angular rate sensing. The multi-sensor includes a rigid accelerometer frame, a first proof mass, and a second proof mass. The substrate has two associated acceleration axes in the plane of the substrate, and one associated rotation axis perpendicular to the acceleration axes. The proof masses have a common vibration axis, which is perpendicular to the rotation axis. The multi-sensor further includes a drive electrode structure for causing the proof masses to vibrate in antiphase, a first pair of acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along one of the acceleration axes, and a second pair of acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along the other acceleration axis.

Abstract: A micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 1-axis of acceleration sensing and 2-axes of angular rate sensing. The multi-sensor includes a plurality of accelerometers, each including a mass anchored to and suspended over a substrate by a plurality of flexures. Each accelerometer further includes acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along lateral and longitudinal axes of the respective mass. The multi-sensor includes a fork member coupling the masses to allow relative antiphase movement, and to resist in phase movement, of the masses, and a drive electrode structure for rotationally vibrating the masses in antiphase. The multi-sensor provides electrically independent acceleration sense signals along the lateral and longitudinal axes of the respective masses, which are added and/or subtracted to obtain 1-axis of acceleration sensing and 2-axes of angular rate sensing.

Abstract: A micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 1-axis of acceleration sensing and 2-axes of angular rate sensing. The multi-sensor includes a plurality of accelerometers, each including a mass anchored to and suspended over a substrate by a plurality of flexures. Each accelerometer further includes acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along lateral and longitudinal axes of the respective mass. The multi-sensor includes a fork member coupling the masses to allow relative antiphase movement, and to resist in phase movement, of the masses, and a drive electrode structure for rotationally vibrating the masses in antiphase. The multi-sensor provides electrically independent acceleration sense signals along the lateral and longitudinal axes of the respective masses, which are added and/or subtracted to obtain 1-axis of acceleration sensing and 2-axes of angular rate sensing.

Abstract: A six degree-of-freedom micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 3-axes of acceleration sensing, and 3-axes of angular rate sensing, in a single multi-sensor device. The six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device includes a first multi-sensor substructure providing 2-axes of acceleration sensing and 1-axis of angular rate sensing, and a second multi-sensor substructure providing a third axis of acceleration sensing, and second and third axes of angular rate sensing. The first and second multi-sensor substructures are implemented on respective substrates within the six degree-of-freedom multi-sensor device.

Abstract: A micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 2-axes of acceleration sensing and 1-axis of angular rate sensing. The multi-sensor includes a rigid accelerometer frame, a first proof mass, and a second proof mass. The substrate has two associated acceleration axes in the plane of the substrate, and one associated rotation axis perpendicular to the acceleration axes. The proof masses have a common vibration axis, which is perpendicular to the rotation axis. The multi-sensor further includes a drive electrode structure for causing the proof masses to vibrate in antiphase, a first pair of acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along one of the acceleration axes, and a second pair of acceleration sense electrode structures disposed along the other acceleration axis.

Abstract: A micro-machined multi-sensor that provides 1-axis of acceleration sensing and 2-axes of angular rate sensing. A method of fabricating the micro-machined multi-sensor includes depositing a layer of sacrificial material or structural material onto the substrate surface. The deposited layer of sacrificial or structural material is then masked with a predetermined mask pattern formed using a rectilinear grid having multiple horizontal and vertical spacings. The mask pattern defines the functional components of the sensor device. In the event the multi-sensor includes at least one functional component whose alignment on the substrate is critical to the optimal performance of the sensor, the critical component is defined so that its longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the horizontal or vertical axis of the mask.

Abstract: A micromachined device has a body suspended over a substrate and movable in a plane relative to the substrate. The body has a perimeter portion, a first cross-piece portion extending from one part of the perimeter portion to another part of the perimeter portion to define at least first and second apertures, a first plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the first aperture, and a second plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the second aperture.

Abstract: A micromachined device has a body suspended over a substrate and movable in a plane relative to the substrate. The body has a perimeter portion, a first cross-piece portion extending from one part of the perimeter portion to another part of the perimeter portion to define at least first and second apertures, a first plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the first aperture, and a second plurality of fingers extending along parallel axes from the perimeter portion into the second aperture.

Abstract: A micromachined gyroscope makes use of Coriolis acceleration to-detect and measure rotation rate about a plane normal to the surface of a substrate. Specifically, various resonating structures are suspended within a frame. The resonating structures include phase and anti-phase masses that are mechanically coupled in order to produce a single resonance frequency for the entire resonating system. Rotation of the micromachined gyroscope about the plane produces a rotational force on the frame. The frame is suspended in such a way that its motion is severely restricted in all but the rotational direction. Sensors on all sides of the frame detect the rotational deflection of the frame for measuring the change in direction.