Abstract: A structural system for accurately reproducible in situ x-ray studies of operating rechargeable electrochemical battery cell electrode components comprises an hermetically sealed cell component enclosure incorporating an x-ray transmissive window member of beryllium or the like. A research embodiment of the system comprises means for rapidly and consistently interchanging electrode compositions for operative comparison and evaluation, while a laminated cell system embodiment enables accurate testing of electrode components in commercial configurations such as unitary polymeric Li-ion battery cells.

Abstract: A structural system for accurately reproducible in situ x-ray studies of operating rechargeable electrochemical battery cell electrode components comprises an hermetically sealed cell component enclosure incorporating an x-ray transmissive window member of beryllium or the like. A research embodiment of the system comprises means for rapidly and consistently interchanging electrode compositions for operative comparison and evaluation, while a laminated cell system embodiment enables accurate testing of electrode components in commercial configurations such as unitary polymeric Li-ion battery cells.

Abstract: A throttle valve shaft projecting from a boss on an internal combustion engine throttle body has a nut which is adjustable for establishing a selected clearance between the nut and the boss to thereby limit end float or axial displacement of the shaft. A lever or other retainer secured to the shaft has an interfering engagement with the nut to prevent rotation of the nut about the shaft and thereby maintain the selected clearance between the nut and the boss.

Abstract: A vacuum motor suitable for actuating a carburetor choke valve has primary and secondary stages responsive to separate vacuum signals. The secondary stage is carried by the primary stage and has a valve which opens upon full retraction of the primary stage to permit application of a vacuum signal to the secondary stage.

Abstract: In an air valve carburetor, additional fuel for cold start enrichment is provided by a primer pump operated by the throttle when the throttle is opened completely. The primer pump discharges through a jet traversed by the air valve, and the air valve is opened partially to expose the jet when the throttle is opened completely.