Abstract: Described herein are battery modules and methods of fabricating thereof. In some examples, a battery module comprises an enclosure, separated into two enclosure portions and a thermal portion, positioned between the two enclosure portions. Two enclosure portions are in part defined by side walls, which can be tapered. The thermal portion comprises two thermal walls, which are operable as the bottoms of the two enclosure portions and form a thermal cavity between these thermal walls. In some examples, the enclosure is a monolithically cast component. Alternatively, the enclosure can be partially cast with one thermal wall welded thereafter to a cast subassembly. The battery module also comprises two sets of batteries, each positioned into a corresponding enclosure portion. Each battery set is interconnected with an interconnecting assembly, positioned between the battery set and the corresponding cover, for this enclosure portion.

Abstract: Described herein are battery packs and electric vehicles using these packs. In some examples, a battery pack comprises two portions/covers and a set of battery modules positioned within the enclosed cavity formed by these portions. A battery pack may comprise a set of pressure-relief valves positioned in and protruding through a wall of at least one portion. Each valve can be coaxial with a corresponding gap provided between two adjacent modules. The valve is configured to provide a fluid path (to the exterior of the battery pack) when the pressure inside the pack exceeds a set threshold. In some examples, the battery pack comprises an inlet tube fluidically coupled to the inlet port of each module and an outlet tube fluidically coupled to the outlet port of each module. A set of specially configured orifices or controllable valves is positioned on the fluid path through each module.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and systems of a chassis of a commercial electric vehicle. In various embodiments, the chassis may include a ladder frame with a plurality of frame rails. Batteries and drive units may be packaged within the frame rails of the ladder frame. The chassis may further include an independent front suspension and batteries may be disposed between the suspension members of the independent front suspension.

Abstract: Described herein are battery modules and methods of fabricating thereof. In some examples, a battery module comprises an enclosure, separated into two enclosure portions and a thermal portion, positioned between the two enclosure portions. Two enclosure portions are in part defined by side walls, which can be tapered. The thermal portion comprises two thermal walls, which are operable as the bottoms of the two enclosure portions and form a thermal cavity between these thermal walls. In some examples, the enclosure is a monolithically cast component. Alternatively, the enclosure can be partially cast with one thermal wall welded thereafter to a cast subassembly. The battery module also comprises two sets of batteries, each positioned into a corresponding enclosure portion. Each battery set is interconnected with an interconnecting assembly, positioned between the battery set and the corresponding cover, for this enclosure portion.

Abstract: Described herein are battery packs and electric vehicles using these packs. In some examples, a battery pack comprises two portions/covers and a set of battery modules positioned within the enclosed cavity formed by these portions. A battery pack may comprise a set of pressure-relief valves positioned in and protruding through a wall of at least one portion. Each valve can be coaxial with a corresponding gap provided between two adjacent modules. The valve is configured to provide a fluid path (to the exterior of the battery pack) when the pressure inside the pack exceeds a set threshold. In some examples, the battery pack comprises an inlet tube fluidically coupled to the inlet port of each module and an outlet tube fluidically coupled to the outlet port of each module. A set of specially configured orifices or controllable valves is positioned on the fluid path through each module.

Abstract: An injector assembly for a rocket engine includes a thermal insulating layer adjacent to an oxidizer cavity.

Abstract: A gas turbine augmentor fuel manifold is provided which includes a hollow body, a plurality of fuel valves and a cleansing port disposed in the hollow body, and apparatus for selectively admitting fuel into the hollow body. The hollow body has a forward surface and an aft surface. When the apparatus for selectively admitting fuel into the hollow body is in an off position, core gas flowing past the hollow body enters the cleansing port and purges the interior of the hollow body of residual fuel and fuel residue, thereby cleaning the hollow body.

Abstract: A method is taught for protecting fuel contacting surfaces of a gas turbine engine from carbon deposition by heating the element in a nitrogen containing atmosphere for sufficient time to cause penetration and absorption of nitrogen into the grain boundaries of the alloy surface, which acts as a barrier between the hydrocarbon fuel and the catalytic elements in the surfaces. The method includes heating at a temperature of 1800-1850 F. for about one hour, cooling to 1525-1575 F. and holding for about four hours, and cooling to a temperature of 1375-1425 F. and holding for about 16 hours.

Abstract: Elements for use as protecting fuel contacting surfaces of a gas turbine engine are protected from carbon deposition by heating the element in a nitrogen containing atmosphere for sufficient time to cause penetration and absorption of nitrogen into the grain boundaries of the alloy surface, which acts as a barrier between the hydrocarbon fuel and the catalytic elements in the surfaces.

Abstract: A method is taught for protecting fuel contacting surfaces of a gas turbine engine from carbon deposition by the application of a coating of tungsten disulfide.