Abstract: A smart material control system and related method is disclosed for adaptively controlling the movement of an adaptive structure. The adaptive structure includes a smart material layer bonded to a conductive substrate in a bimorph configuration. A charge projector, such as an electron gun, is utilized to project charges onto the smart material layer of the adaptive structure. A voltage/charge source adaptively controls the potential of the conductive substrate. Depending on the placement of the projected charges and the adaptively controlled potential of the conductive substrate the displacement/curvature is precisely controlled. In an alternate embodiment, two smart material layers are bonded together to form an adaptive structure controlled independently in the x- and y- directions. Also, an array of charge projectors and/or conductive substrate sections may be used to provide varying and broad control of adaptive structures.

Abstract: A dynamic prosthetic vertebral body for use in a cavity left by resection of a natural vertebral body and adjacent intervertebral discs. The prosthesis includes a pair of rigid housings joined by a connecting structure that is operable to shift the housings apart into supportive engagement with the healthy vertebral bodies adjacent the site of the resected body. Anchoring pins project outwardly in axial directions from the respective housings for secure fixation to the healthy vertebral bodies. Within the chamber of each housing is a rigid suspension plate surrounded by an elastomeric suspension medium, and the suspension plates of the two housings are joined by the expandable connecting structure. The relative sizes of the suspension plates and the chambers in which they are received allow limited movement of the housings, resulting in a prosthesis that provides the required support but also mimics the dynamics of a normal vertebra and adjacent discs.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel assembly comprises a detachable wheel mounted on a radial wheel mounting flange using a single wheel fastener and a conical disc spring to secure the wheel to the wheel mounting flange.The conical disc spring is deflected to a preselected compressed state by the fastener to exert a predetermined axial clamping force uniformly along an annular region of contact between the wheel and the disc spring and to resiliently pre-load the wheel bearings. A lock prevents the single fastener from working loose.

Abstract: A trim attachment for a motor vehicle wheel includes a plurality of generally conical retention members which engage and secure the trim attachment directly to complementary conical surfaces on conventional threaded lug nuts utilized to retain the wheel in the vehicle. The retention members are spaced about the trim attachment in a pattern corresponding to that of the wheel lug nut. The members include a central conical surface which engages the conical portion of the lug nut, a stop structure positioned uniformly at one end of each conical surface which engages the body of the lug nut, a resilient camming structure disposed uniformly at the other end of each conical surface which resiliently engages the conical surface of a lug nut and a free standing triangular tab adjacent the camming surface and pointing away therefrom which guides and engages the trim attachment onto the lug nuts.

Abstract: A wheel rim construction that cooperates with the tire bead seat to insure retention of the tire, even under a "run flat" condition. The bead seat portion of the rim is formed with a plurality of circumferentially extending radial projections that cause gripping of the tire bead to form a mechanical interlock between the projections and wheel flange. The radial projections are formed during the roll forming of the wheel rim by extruding the rim material into grooves in the upper finishing roll so that the permanently formed projections lie radially outward of the basic rim profile.

Abstract: A method and a machine for performing final finishing operations upon a wheel to minimize both axial and radial run-out. The assembled wheel, including the rim and attached wheel center is placed in the machine and the rim and particularly the bead seat portion is deformed both radially and axially into a true condition. While held in this condition, the center hole, the bolt hole chamfers, and the axial locating surfaces are finish machined.

Abstract: A wheel cover with a plurality of axially extending resilient prongs the free ends of which extend through prong receiving holes in the mounting bolt circle area of a disk of a vehicle wheel. The prongs have a cam surface adjacent the free edge thereof which engages the inner edge of the prong receiving holes to abut the free ends of the prongs with the mounting surface of a hub on which the disk is secured to firmly and tightly retain the wheel cover on the wheel.