Abstract: A ladder carrying device is provided for carrying a ladder either over or under the shoulder. The ladder carrying device includes the rigid frame, a cushion pad and a device for selectively attaching and detaching the frame to the ladder. The frame has a cushion connecting portion which is connected to the cushion pad and a frame attachment portion which is secured to the ladder by the attaching and detaching device. The attaching and detaching device also allows the ladder carrying device to be detached from the ladder. The frame has an extension portion extending between its frame attachment portion and cushion connecting portion to space the cushion pad a sufficient distance from the ladder so that it may be mounted in depressions in the side rails of the ladder if desired. The extension portion has outer walls and a plurality of internal ribs extending between the walls to provide a lightweight honeycomb structure while having sufficient strength to support the weight of the ladder.

Abstract: A railroad grade crossing comprising a plurality of elastomeric panels that are interconnected to provide integral multiple panel crossing units. Each panel has a plurality of elongate tapered cylindrical passageways extending through it that are parallel with the tracks being crossed. Pins are partially inserted into aligned passageways in adjacent panels to interconnect adjacent panels to one another. Because the passageways are tapered, and thus create larger openings at one end of the panels and smaller openings at the other ends, the pins are divided into larger ends, which fit into the larger openings, and smaller ends, which fit into the smaller openings. If it is desired to interconnect the panels into integrated crossing units prior to installation, the pins can be attached to the passageways and the ends of adjacent panels can be attached to one another with an adhesive. This permits the combined crossing units to be transported and installed as a unit.

Abstract: A multipli-layered tamper-proof wrap consisting of a number of over-layed thin plastic sheets bonded around the outer edge to contain one or a number of chemical layers therein, appropriately separated, whose penetration or puncture will result in a visual indication at the puncture, and including distinct seals fixed at spaced intervals to the outer or external wrap sheet that indicate wrap or product origin and are to discourage wrap substitution. The wrap is for encapsulating a consumer product so as to provide a continuous wrap surface therearound that will give a visual indication of a breach in wrap integrity at a point of penetration or puncture.

Abstract: A railroad crossing structure for providing an improved devil strip. In particular, the invention proposes to bridge the span between adjacent sets of tracks with bridge members of steel or other like material of sufficient strength and rigidity. These bridge members preferably correspond in number to the ties supporting the rails in the area of the crossing, and are secured to them in any suitable fashion. The bridge members may be leveled to provide a flat horizontal surface by notching the ties to receive the ends of the bridge members. The space between the ends of the bridge members and the rails are filled with shims. Thereafter, an elastomeric surface is provided atop the bridge members, using elastomeric pads preferably of the type disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,093,120. Elastomeric pads of the type disclosed in this patent are preferred since the pads can be easily affixed atop the bridge members because no spikes are required.