Abstract: Systems utilizing high temperature combustion generate an organic ash tea that may be used as a fertilizer. A biomaterial is fed to a high-temperature combustion reactor, where the biomaterial and nitrogen gas are burned to fix nitrogen in the burned biomaterial. The biomaterial is then steeped in water, which absorbs the nitrogen compounds and other combustion products. This ash tea may then be used as a fertilizer in agriculture.

Abstract: A system for producing fixed nitrogen products includes a header coupled to one or more plasma torch reactors. The plasma torch reactors receive input gases and generate (e.g., using microwave energy) a plasma and resulting reactive nitrogen species. The reactive nitrogen species oxidize within the header, resulting in a product stream. In certain implementations, the product stream is transported to an absorption unit for conversion into the fixed nitrogen products. Certain implementations include cooling, supplemental fluid, and other systems to vary and enhance production of fixed nitrogen products and operation of the system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure involve a plasma reactor system that includes a gas-flow-engineered reactor to more efficiently produce fixed nitrogen products. In some instances, the gas-flow-engineered reactor may include a gas vortex-inducing input mechanism and/or a quenching mechanism integrated or otherwise associated with the plasma reactor system.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for producing nitrophosphates and mineralized carbon. Advantageously, the systems and methods are capable of sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. The systems generally include a first reactor for producing nitric acid; a mixer for mixing the nitric acid produced in the first reactor with a phosphate source, thereby producing nitro-phosphoric acid; and a second reactor for producing a solution comprising nitrophosphates and mineralized carbon, wherein the second reactor is operable to receive: the nitro-phosphoric acid from the mixer, ammonia, water, and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for producing nitrophosphates and mineralized carbon. Advantageously, the systems and methods are capable of sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. The systems generally include a first reactor for producing nitric acid; a mixer for mixing the nitric acid produced in the first reactor with a phosphate source, thereby producing nitro-phosphoric acid; and a second reactor for producing a solution comprising nitrophosphates and mineralized carbon, wherein the second reactor is operable to receive: the nitro-phosphoric acid from the mixer, ammonia, water, and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A microwave-plasma system for generating fixed-nitrogen products comprises a microwave generator operably coupled with a gas chamber where the microwave generator provides microwave power to the gas chamber. The system further includes a source of gas, which may be for example oxygen, nitrogen and/or air, operably coupled with the plasma chamber. The microwave power produces a plasma of the gas within the chamber. The system further includes an absorber unit fluidically connected to the gas chamber to capture product from the plasma in the gas chamber. The captured product may include fixed nitrogen gaseous products.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure involve a power supply circuit for powering a plasma reactor and more specifically initiating and maintain a plasma therein, and that can operate with power from an intermittent power source. The power supply may include an auxiliary-power supply or trigger circuit, in addition to a primary-power supply circuit, which can reduce the need for high-voltage equipment in the high-power section of the power supply. In one particular use, the power supply includes a high-voltage power output that may be used for generating a plasma between electrodes, for example, in a nitrogen-fixation plasma system. The power supply circuit may provide the flexibility to power a plasma reactor using an intermittent power source, such as solar, wind, and/or a periodic low-cost power grid, while reducing wasteful power conditioning, lowering the cost of operation, and increasing the efficiency of chemical production from the renewable energy.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure involve a gliding-arc type plasma reactor for use in nitrogen-based fertilizer production. The plasma reactor may include a pair of electrodes oriented in a plane within an enclosure. A pair of sheaths may attach to a corresponding electrode, with each included a strike point surface oriented to face the other sheath. The electrodes may further include an inner channel through which a cooling fluid may be pumped for heat control. A gas injection system may also be included to inject a gas into the chamber for interacting with the plasma arc and may or may not include an adjustable nozzle. The nozzle may direct air flow, including the gas, at a location at which the plasma arc may occur. The device provides for a long lifetime of components within the device and easy replacement and maintenance of the components of high-wear items.