Abstract: An apparatus for separating gas bubbles that may be entrained in perfusate flow prevents such bubbles from continuing downstream and entering an organ or tissue. The apparatus may include a chamber having a top wall, a bottom wall and side walls. The chamber may include an inlet configured to allow at least one of gas and liquid to enter the chamber, an air opening configured to allow at least gas to exit the chamber and a first liquid opening configured to allow at least liquid to exit the chamber. The apparatus may function as an accumulator that reduces or eliminates pulsatility of the liquid flow and pressure. The apparatus may include a minimum volume of gas, initially or through the accumulation of gas, such that flow and pressure fluctuations in the liquid are dampened or eliminated. The apparatus may include a sampling port in a wall of the chamber.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a virtual storage system 200 may represent a file data set differently based on the activity being performed. The virtual storage system 200 may execute a runtime activity on a runtime format file 214 representing a file data set 212 on a virtual execution layer 220. The virtual storage system 200 may execute an interchange activity on an interchange format file 230 representing the file data set 232.

Abstract: Tracking changes amongst unit portions (e.g., blocks or files) of a storage system. A logical time identifier is associated with each unit portion and is included within a logical time identifier structure. When writing to a particular write portion, the mechanism updates the appropriate logical time identifiers, calculates redundancy data of a group of one or more logical time identifiers associated with the unit portion(s) of the write portion. Furthermore, the write portion of the storage system is written. In addition, the corresponding redundancy data for that write portion is written to the logical time identifier structure. Later, for a given write portion, the redundancy data is verified to be consistent or inconsistent with the group of one or more logical time identifiers associated with the write portion. If the redundancy data is not consistent, then a current logical time identifier is assigned to each of the logical time identifiers.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a virtual disk file can be assigned an identifier and a virtual disk files that is dependent on the virtual disk file can include a copy of the identifier. In the instance that the virtual disk file is opened and data is modified that causes the contents of a virtual disk extent to change the identifier can be changed. If the virtual disk file and the dependent virtual disk file are used to instantiate a virtual disk the difference between identifiers can be detected, which is indicative of the fact that the virtual disk may be corrupted. Other techniques are described in the detailed description, claims, and figures that form a part of this document.

Abstract: This document describes techniques for storing virtual disk payload data. In an exemplary configuration, each virtual disk extent can be associated with state information that indicates whether the virtual disk extent is described by a virtual disk file. Under certain conditions the space used to describe a virtual disk extent can be reclaimed and state information can be used to determine how read and/or write operations directed to the virtual disk extent are handled. In addition to the foregoing, other techniques are described in the claims, figures, and detailed description of this document.

Abstract: A multi-layer cylinder head gasket is provided. The cylinder head gasket includes a plurality of layers of material, each of the layers has a plurality of openings including at least one cylinder bore opening and at least one pushrod opening. Each of the layers has an edge which surrounds the at least one pushrod opening, and the pushrod openings of the layers are aligned axially with one another. An eyelet extends axially in each of the pushrod openings and covers the edges of the layers for protecting a pushrod extending through the respective pushrod opening. The eyelet is made of a material that is softer than the material of the plurality of layers.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a virtual storage system 200 may represent a file data set differently based on the activity being performed. The virtual storage system 200 may execute a runtime activity on a runtime format file 214 representing a file data set 212 on a virtual execution layer 220. The virtual storage system 200 may execute an interchange activity on an interchange format file 230 representing the file data set 232.

Abstract: The writing of data to a storage system such that change tracking is efficiently performed. If a portion is to be written to the storage system, the system writes a write record indicating that a group of portions (that includes the particular portion) of the storage system is to be written to the storage system. This is represented even though those other portions are not being contemporaneously written to the storage system, and may in fact never be written. The particular portion is then written to the storage system. At some point thereafter, perhaps in the background, a change tracking structure is changed to reflect that the particular portion is written to the storage system, but without reflecting writes of all of the group of portions. The write record may then be invalidated. This reduces latency in systems that track changes with small cost at the time of backup.

Abstract: Tracking changes amongst unit portions (e.g., blocks or files) of a storage system. A logical time identifier is associated with each unit portion and is included within a logical time identifier structure. When writing to a particular write portion, the mechanism updates the appropriate logical time identifiers, calculates redundancy data of a group of one or more logical time identifiers associated with the unit portion(s) of the write portion. Furthermore, the write portion of the storage system is written. In addition, the corresponding redundancy data for that write portion is written to the logical time identifier structure. Later, for a given write portion, the redundancy data is verified to be consistent or inconsistent with the group of one or more logical time identifiers associated with the write portion. If the redundancy data is not consistent, then a current logical time identifier is assigned to each of the logical time identifiers.

Abstract: A computing device manages access to a block-based storage device. The computing device has an operating system with a storage stack. The storage stack may have a file system, a device driver driving the block-based storage device, and a storage component intermediating between the device driver and the file system. The file system may receive a request to tag a file that is managed by the file system and is stored on the storage device. In response the file system requests the storage component to tag blocks corresponding to the file. The device driver forwards or translates the request from the storage component to the storage device. In turn, the storage device stores indicia of the blocks. Data stored in the identified blocks may receive differentiated treatment, by the storage device and/or the operating system, such as a particular choice of backing store, preferential handling, or others.

Abstract: A network stack sends very large packets with large segment offload (LSO) by performing multi-pass LSO. A first-stage LSO filter is inserted between the network stack and the physical NIC. The first-stage filter splits very large LSO packets into LSO packets that are small enough for the NIC. The NIC then performs a second pass of LSO by splitting these sub-packets into standard MTU-sized networking packets for transmission on the network.

Abstract: This document describes techniques for storing virtual disk payload data. In an exemplary configuration, each virtual disk extent can be associated with state information that indicates whether the virtual disk extent is described by a virtual disk file. Under certain conditions the space used to describe a virtual disk extent can be reclaimed and state information can be used to determine how read and/or write operations directed to the virtual disk extent are handled. In addition to the foregoing, other techniques are described in the claims, figures, and detailed description of this document.

Abstract: A method of perfusing an organ or tissue includes perfusing the organ or tissue with a perfusion apparatus; detecting a condition representing at least one of an attitude of the perfusion apparatus or at least one shock experienced by the perfusion apparatus; and altering perfusion based upon the detected condition and/or recording the detected condition.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a method and system for sharing storage among a plurality of virtual machines. Specifically, one or more embodiments are directed to sharing a virtual hard disk with various virtual machines in a virtual machine cluster. In embodiments, a command is sent from a virtual machine to a local parser. The parser prepares the command for transport over a file system protocol. The command is sent to a remote file server using the file system protocol. When the command is received by the file server, the file server unpacks the command, determines features about the command and converts the command to a format that executes the command on the virtual shared storage.

Abstract: This document describes techniques for storing virtual disk payload data. In an exemplary configuration, each virtual disk extent can be associated with state information that indicates whether the virtual disk extent is described by a virtual disk file. Under certain conditions the space used to describe a virtual disk extent can be reclaimed and state information can be used to determine how read and/or write operations directed to the virtual disk extent are handled. In addition to the foregoing, other techniques are described in the claims, figures, and detailed description of this document.

Abstract: An apparatus for perfusing an organ or tissue includes a perfusion circuit configured to perfuse the organ or tissue; at least one shock and/or tilt detector such as an accelerometer; and a controller. The controller may be configured to control perfusion based upon a signal received from the accelerometer, which may include stopping and/or starting the perfusion based upon the signal. The controller may also or alternatively sense and/or record shocks experienced by the apparatus.

Abstract: Techniques for migrating a virtual machine from a source computer system to a target computer system are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, a group of pages can be mapped writable in response to determining that the guest operating system attempted to change a specific page. In the same, or other embodiments, pages can be compressed prior to sending such that throughput of a communication channel is maximized. In the same, or other embodiments, storage IO jobs can be canceled on a source computer system and reissued by a target computer system.

Abstract: A multi-layer cylinder head gasket is provided. The cylinder head gasket includes a plurality of layers of material, each of the layers has a plurality of openings including at least one cylinder bore opening and at least one pushrod opening. Each of the layers has an edge which surrounds the at least one pushrod opening, and the pushrod openings of the layers are aligned axially with one another. An eyelet extends axially in each of the pushrod openings and covers the edges of the layers for protecting a pushrod extending through the respective pushrod opening. The eyelet is made of a material that is softer than the material of the plurality of layers.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a virtual storage system 200 may represent a file data set differently based on the activity being performed. The virtual storage system 200 may execute a runtime activity on a runtime format file 214 representing a file data set 212 on a virtual execution layer 220. The virtual storage system 200 may execute an interchange activity on an interchange format file 230 representing the file data set 232.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a method and system for sharing storage among a plurality of virtual machines. Specifically, one or more embodiments are directed to sharing a virtual hard disk with various virtual machines in a virtual machine cluster. In embodiments, a command is sent from a virtual machine to a local parser. The parser prepares the command for transport over a file system protocol. The command is sent to a remote file server using the file system protocol. When the command is received by the file server, the file server unpacks the command, determines features about the command and converts the command to a format that executes the command on the virtual shared storage.