Abstract: Production of fully differentiated, optionally immortalized, neural cells—by enhancing replication then inducing differentiation by mimicking cell's natural environment in vitro. The cells are useful for transplantation or drug screening.

Abstract: Transgenic organisms (in particular, transgenic animals or plants) bearing positive and/or negative selectable markers are described along with their use in various methods including tissue/cell culture techniques, methods of making monoclonal antibodies, methods of selectively eliminating or depleting a particular tissue/cell type, methods of screening compounds for pharmacological activity and methods of determining the effect of a deficit in a first class of cells or the characteristics of a second class of cells in an organism.

Abstract: The invention relates to chondrocytes and chondrocyte cell-lines for use especially in studying arthritic conditions and also for developing skeletal tissue for use in repair and/or replacement surgery. The use of articular chondrocyte cell-lines which mineralize calcium to determine potentially beneficial therapeutic agents is disclosed. Further, the means for producing such cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the characteristics of such cell-lines. The use of hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines to produce matrix tissue is also disclosed. Further means of producing hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the charateristics of such cell-lines.

Abstract: The invention relates to chondrocytes and chondrocyte cell-lines for use especially in studying arthritic conditions and also for developing skeletal tissue for use in repair and/or replacement surgery. The use of articular chondrocyte cell-lines which mineralize calcium to determine potentially beneficial therapeutic agents is disclosed. Further, the means for producing such cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the characteristics of such cell-lines. The use of hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines to produce matrix tissue is also disclosed. Further means of producing hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the charateristics of such cell-lines.

Abstract: The invention relates to chondrocytes and chondrocyte cell-lines for use especially in studying arthritic conditions and also for developing skeletal tissue for use in repair and/or replacement surgery. The use of articular chondrocyte cell-lines which mineralise calcium to determine potentially beneficial therapeutic agents is disclosed. Further, the means for producing such cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the characteristics of such cell-lines. The use of hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines to produce matrix tissue is also disclosed. Further means of producing hypertrophic chondrocyte cell-lines is also disclosed as well as the charateristics of such cell-lines.

Abstract: An NMR probe, lacking electrical balance in respect of the RF coil thereof, includes a conducting shield of axial extent greater than &lgr;/4 from the ground plane closure of said shield of the probe (&lgr; being the highest resonant frequency of interest), the components of the probe other than the coil being confined to the axial region less than &lgr;/4 from the ground plane and spaced apart from the shield.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing human cell lines and cell and cell-lines produced by such a method. The method comprising the use of precursor or undifferentiated cells treated with an immortalising agent which is susceptible to environmental conditions so as to provide for selective activation/deactivation of said immortalising agent and so selective activation of differentiation.

Abstract: A method for producing human cell lines by immortalizing a precursor or undifferentiated cell with a controllable immortalizing agent, culturing the cell to provide a cell population, and terminating immobilization to allow differentiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing human cell lines and cell and cell-lines produced by such a method. The method comprising the use of precursor or undifferentiated cells treated with an immortalising agent which is susceptible to environmental conditions so as to provide for selective activation/deactivation of said immortalising agent and so selective activation of differentiation.

Abstract: Consistencies of aqueous slurries, such as cellulose slurries, are measured by immersing in the slurry a radioactive source of fast neutrons, and neutron detector at a fixed, predetermined distance from the source. The neutron count so obtained can be used to determine slurry consistency. If a second neutron detector is immersed in the slurry at a predetermined, greater distance from the neutron source, the two neutron counts can be used to determine both the slurry consistency and the density of the suspended material.