Abstract: Compositions or products containing ionic liquids and methods of using the same are also disclosed. Specifically, ionic liquids suitable for use in fabric, hard surface or air treating compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed are ionic liquid cocktails comprising three or more different and charged ionic liquid components.

Abstract: Biodiesel fuels are produced efficiently and at low cost from waste oil feeds containing high concentrations of fatty acids. By first producing an ester of a water immiscible alcohol, water of reaction from the esterification can be easily stripped out with and separated from the alcohol, which is recycled to the esterification reaction. Subsequent transesterification with glycerin produces a feed with a sufficiently low acid value to allow methanolysis using a basic catalyst to proceed rapidly without consumption of large quantities of catalyst or organic acid salt formation.

Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers which comprise, in copolymerized form, (a) 60 to 99% by weight of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated polyalkylene oxide monomer of the formula I H2C?CR1—X—YR2—OnR3 ??I ?in which the variables have the following meanings: ?X is —CH2— or —C(O)—, if Y is —O—; is —C(O)—, if Y is —NH—; is —O— or —O—(CH2)4—, if Y is a chemical bond; ?Y is —O—, —NH— or a chemical bond; ?R1 is hydrogen or methyl; ?R2 is C2-C4-alkylene radicals, which may be identical or different and also linear or branched, but where at least 50% of the radicals R2 are ethylene; ?R3 is C1-C22-alkyl, phenyl, p-(C1-C12-alkyl)phenyl or hydrogen; ?n is an integer from 6 to 50, (b) 1 to 40% by weight of at least one nonquaternized dipolar monomer comprising at least one nitrogen atom, (c) 0 to 39% by weight of other nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and (d) 0 to 10% by weight of other anionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and have an average molecular weight Mw of from 2000 to 500 00

Abstract: Compositions or products containing ionic liquids and methods of using the same are also disclosed. Specifically, ionic liquids suitable for use in fabric, hard surface or air treating compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed are ionic liquid cocktails comprising three or more different and charged ionic liquid components.

Abstract: Compositions or products containing ionic liquids and methods of using the same are also disclosed. Specifically, ionic liquids suitable for use in fabric, hard surface or air treating compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed are ionic liquid cocktails comprising three or more different and charged ionic liquid components.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products provide communications with a plurality of application instances using a plurality of communication protocol stacks and a single Internet Protocol (IP) address. A stack is established as a routing stack associated with the single IP address. Other stacks which are associated with the single IP address are defined as candidate target stacks and an identification of candidate target stacks and the routing stack is distributed to the stacks. The routing stack is notified when an application associated with a candidate target stack listens to a port of the IP address to establish a current actual target stack. A request to establish a connection to the IP address and the port of the IP address is received and a routing table entry corresponding to the current actual target stack is created to provide a routing path from the routing stack to the current actual target stack.

Abstract: Connections from a client to respective ones of a plurality of application instances that receive data from a shared communication protocol stack are assigned by defining an affinity between the client and a corresponding one of the plurality of application instances. Connection requests received from the client at the shared communication protocol stack are assigned to the corresponding one of the plurality of application instances if an affinity is defined between the client and the corresponding one of the plurality of application instances. Connection requests received from the client at the shared communication protocol stack are distributed to selected ones of the plurality of application instances if an affinity is not defined between the client and the corresponding one of the plurality of application instances.