Abstract: Oligomeric silane coating compositions containing, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, are used to coat new or used heat exchange apparatus, such as HVAC systems, to greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency and prevent or inhibit corrosion. These oligomeric coating compositions are able to fill microvoids in the heat exchange surfaces, and penetrate into the microcavities at the interface of swaged or force fit surfaces, such as fins and tubes. The oligomeric silane coating compositions are highly active and will form bonds not only with the metal and metal oxides of the heat transfer surfaces, but will also displace gasses or liquids at the heat transfer contact surfaces and form chemical and/or hydrogen bonds with the oxides and chemical impurities. By so doing, a parallel heat transfer pathway is formed. The applied coatings may be as thin as only a few millionths of an inch and will fill microcavities to a depth of up to about 2000 nanometers.

Abstract: Silane based coating compositions provide durable, corrosion resistant coatings on metal and non-metal surfaces. A typical composition may include one or a mixture of silanes, such as methyltrimethoxysilane and phenyltrimethoxysilane. The coating compositions may be formulated with either acidic or basic catalysts, the latter being especially suitable for coating steel substrates. Coatings for food and beverage containers, automotive finishes, HVAC surfaces, alkali metal silicates, concrete, and the like, are described. Primer coating compositions which include two or more polyfunctional organosilanes but no monofunctional organosilanes provide strongly adherent corrosion resistant primer coatings for metals and are very adherent to polyurethane, epoxy and other resin topcoats.

Abstract: Oligomeric silane coating compositions containing, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, are used to coat new or used heat exchange apparatus, such as HVAC systems, to greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency and prevent or inhibit corrosion. These oligomeric coating compositions are able to fill microvoids in the heat exchange surfaces, and penetrate into the microcavities at the interface of swaged or force fit surfaces, such as fins and tubes. The oligomeric silane coating compositions are highly active and will form bonds not only with the metal and metal oxides of the heat transfer surfaces, but will also displace gasses or liquids at the heat transfer contact surfaces and form chemical and/or hydrogen bonds with the oxides and chemical impurities. By so doing, a parallel heat transfer pathway is formed. The applied coatings may be as thin as only a few millionths of an inch and will fill microcavities to a depth of up to about 2000 nanometers.

Abstract: A non-aqueous coating composition is obtained by mixing (A) at least one silane, such as phenyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane; and (B) vinyltriacetoxy silane and/or colloidal aluminum hydroxide and/or at least one metal alcoholate. Optional additives include ethyl orthosilicate, ethyl polysilicate or colloidal silica in a lower alkanol and boric acid, which may be dissolved in a lower alkanol. Hard corrosion resistant coatings, which are substantially transparent, are obtained. These coatings may be applied to metallic or non-metallic surfaces.

Abstract: Silane based coating compositions provide durable, corrosion resistant coatings on metal and non-metal surfaces. A typical composition may include one or a mixture of silanes, such as methyltrimethoxysilane and phenyltrimethoxysilane. The coating compositions may be formulated with either acidic or basic catalysts, the latter being especially suitable for coating steel substrates. Coatings for food and beverage containers, automotive finishes, HVAC surfaces, alkali metal silicates, concrete, and the like, are described. Primer coating compositions which include two or more polyfunctional organosilanes but no monofunctional organosilanes provide strongly adherent corrosion resistant primer coatings for metals and are very adherent to polyurethane, epoxy and other resin topcoats.

Abstract: Oligomeric silane coating compositions containing, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, are used to coat new or used heat exchange apparatus, such as HVAC systems, to greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency and prevent or inhibit corrosion. These oligomeric coating compositions are able to fill microvoids in the heat exchange surfaces, and penetrate into the microcavities at the interface of swaged or force fit surfaces, such as fins and tubes. The oligomeric silane coating compositions are highly active and will form bonds not only with the metal and metal oxides of the heat transfer surfaces, but will also displace gasses or liquids at the heat transfer contact surfaces and form chemical and/or hydrogen bonds with the oxides and chemical impurities. By so doing, a parallel heat transfer pathway is formed. The applied coatings may be as thin as only a few millionths of an inch and will fill microcavities to a depth of up to about 2000 nanometers.

Abstract: Corrosion resistant coatings are provided by aqueous-alcoholic acidic dispersions of the partial condensate of monomethyl silanol (by hydrolysis of monomethyl alkoxysilane) alone or in admixture with minor amounts of other silanol, e.g., gamma-glycidyloxy silanol, phenyl silanol, etc, wherein the dispersions contain divalent metal cations, e.g., Ca.sup.+2, in place of all or most of colloidal silica used in prior formulations of this type. The coatings may be applied to boat hulls, including aluminum hulls and are effective in preventing corrosion from salt water for extended periods.

Abstract: A highly diffuse, reflective paint comprising an alcohol soluble binder, polytetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and an alcohol for coating a substrate and forming an optical reference with a superior Lambertian characteristic. A method for making the paint by first mixing the binder and alcohol, and thereafter by mixing in outgassed TFE. A wetting agent may be employed to aid the mixing process.

Abstract: Inorganic binders for coatings such as paints are provided which are based on high single or mixed silicon dioxide to alkali metal oxide mol ratio inorganic alkali metal silicates. The binder composition comprises a mixed silicon dioxide silica gel sol having a silica to alkali metal oxide mol ratio of about 5.5-6.5:1. The binder composition is produced from a starter alkali metal silicate aqueous solution by mixing the solution with a silicone monomer and agitating until hydrolysis is essentially complete. A silica gel is then added as an aqueous slurry and blended until the silica gel is at least partially dissolved. Thereafter, the mixture is agitated to a smooth consistency and recovered as a binder composition. The inorganic binder is particularly suitable for providing coatings or paints having good brushability and which contain zinc dust or aluminum powder for application over ferrous substrates.

Abstract: A paint binder utilizing a potassium or sodium silicate dispersion having a silicon dioxide to alkali-metal oxide mol ratio of from 4.8:1 to 6.0:1, the binder exhibiting stability during both manufacture and storage. The process of making the binder is predictable and repeatable and the binder may be made with inexpensive components. The high mol ratio is achieved with the inclusion of a silicon dioxide hydrogel. The binder, which also employs a silicone, is in the final form of a hydrogel sol.

Abstract: A method of determining vegetation height and water content of vegetation from the intensity and state of elliptical polarization of a reflected train of microwaves. The method comprises the steps of reflecting a circularly polarized train of microwaves from vegetation at a predetermined angle of incidence, detecting the reflected train of microwaves, determining the ratio of the intensities of the electric field vector components, measuring the phase difference of the components, and computing the refractive index and thickness of the layer of vegetation from a formula, wherein the refractive index is given essentially by the water content of the vegetation.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light reflective coating is disclosed which exhibits high reflectance to ultraviolet light having wavelengths down to about 2,000 Angstrom units. The coating composition comprises a dispersion of barium sulphate in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble inorganic binder selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphates, ammonium sulphate and mixtures thereof. The coating is preferably employed in conjunction with an alkaline primer.