Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I): wherein R1, R3, R11, R12, X, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and are as defined in the description. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in treating conditions requiring anti-apoptotic inhibitors.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a cyclical actuator and a mechanical energy storage device. Connective structure operatively connects the cyclical actuator to the mechanical energy storage device. Motion of the cyclical actuator urges physical motion of and energy storage in the mechanical energy storage device. The exercise machine further includes an electric machine. A communication pathway enables exchange of data between multiple associated exercise machines such that multiple associated operators on multiple associated exercise machines have a common experience.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for an exercise machine includes a mechanical energy storage device and an apparatus configured to supplement the resistance of the mechanical energy storage device with an added resistance and dissipate the energy of the mechanical energy storage device and an associated athlete. A communication pathway enables the exercise machine to communicate with at least one additional associated exercise machine to duplicate the total resistance in the exercise machine to an associated exercise machine. A central server includes a processor, memory, and a networking interface. A first user device includes a display, a processor, a memory, and a networking interface. The central server receives data from the exercise machine, extracts synchronization performance information from the data, and transmits the synchronization performance data to the first user device where it is used to train an athlete for an athletic endeavor.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a cyclical actuator and a mechanical energy storage device. Connective structure operatively connects the cyclical actuator to the mechanical energy storage device. Motion of the cyclical actuator urges physical motion of and energy storage in the mechanical energy storage device. The exercise machine further includes an electric machine. A communication pathway enables exchange of data between multiple associated exercise machines such that multiple associated operators on multiple associated exercise machines have a common experience.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a cyclical actuator and a mechanical energy storage device. Connective structure operatively connects the cyclical actuator to the mechanical energy storage device. Motion of the cyclical actuator urges physical motion of and energy storage in the mechanical energy storage device. The exercise machine further includes an electric machine. A communication pathway enables exchange of data between multiple associated exercise machines such that multiple associated operators on multiple associated exercise machines have a common experience.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a cyclical actuator and a mechanical energy storage device. Connective structure operatively connects the cyclical actuator to the mechanical energy storage device. Motion of the cyclical actuator urges physical motion of and energy storage in the mechanical energy storage device. The exercise machine further includes an electric machine. A communication pathway enables exchange of data between multiple associated exercise machines such that multiple associated operators on multiple associated exercise machines have a common experience.

Abstract: A active steering apparatus includes a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, and an electrical motor. The electric motor has a stator fixed to the housing and a rotor. A first gear set interconnects the input shaft and the output shaft and includes a sun gear fixed to an end of the input shaft, a ring gear fixed to the output shaft, and a plurality of planet gears positioned between and interconnecting the ring gear and the sun gear. A second gear set is mounted onto the rotor and interconnects the ring gear and the housing such that rotation of the rotor relative to the housing imparts movement of the ring gear relative to the housing.

Abstract: A active steering apparatus includes a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, and an electrical motor. The electric motor has a stator fixed to the housing and a rotor. A first gear set interconnects the input shaft and the output shaft and includes a sun gear fixed to an end of the input shaft, a ring gear fixed to the output shaft, and a plurality of planet gears positioned between and interconnecting the ring gear and the sun gear. A second gear set is mounted onto the rotor and interconnects the ring gear and the housing such that rotation of the rotor relative to the housing imparts movement of the ring gear relative to the housing.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system for an automotive vehicle comprises a driver interface system that includes a steering wheel mounted on a steering column. A reaction torque generator is coupled to the steering column for applying a resistive torque in response to a steering command to create a steering feel. An electromechanical brake, such as a magnetorehological brake, is also coupled to the steering column. During operation, a controller receives an input signal indicative of road wheel response to a steering command and determines when the road wheels have reached a limit, such as by engaging mechanical stops mounted on the vehicle or prevented from movement by curb or other external obstacle. In response, the controller actuates the electromechanical device to prevent rotation of the steering wheel and thereby alert the driver that the road wheels have reached a limit.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of selecting and transforming plant cells in large scale in vitro liquid cultures. In some methods of the invention, cells are selected that comprise a suppressive nucleic acid sequence that suppresses the effect of a target gene that impairs cellular function in the cell. In other embodiments, the methods are directed to identifying nucleic acids that encode polypeptides that physically interact with one another.

Abstract: The tomato Cf-4 gene has been isolated by positional cloning and its sequence provided, along with the encoded amino acid sequence. DNA encoding the polypeptide, alleles, mutants and derivatives thereof, and DNA encoding amino acid sequences showing a significant degree of homology thereto may be introduced into plant cells and the encoded polypeptide expressed, conferring pathogen resistance on plants comprising such cells and descendants thereof. The Cf-4 sequence shows a high degree of homology to Cf-9 and comprises leucine rich repeats.