Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for determining and increasing the accuracy of costing including determining possible components of a product; allocating each component at least one costing wherein the costing depends on the current product definition process which may vary over time and wherein different methods for the costing may be applied; assigning an accuracy value for each costing method that is applied; for each component, multiplying its assigned accuracy value with the component's proportion to the total cost of the product, and summing up the weighted accuracies of the costings of the components resulting in an overall accuracy of the costing of the product.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for determining and increasing the accuracy of costing including determining possible components of a product; allocating each component at least one costing wherein the costing depends on the current product definition process which may vary over time and wherein different methods for the costing may be applied; assigning an accuracy value for each costing method that is applied; for each component, multiplying its assigned accuracy value with the component's proportion to the total cost of the product, and summing up the weighted accuracies of the costings of the components resulting in an overall accuracy of the costing of the product.

Abstract: A computer implemented method, and apparatus, and a computer readable media for automated processing of standard cost estimates for business activities. A standard cost estimate indicating standard costs of a business activity is defined. A design pattern is used to encapsulate product characteristics including, defining at least one change request based on a production scenario, and modifying the standardized cost estimate. An updated standardized cost estimate indicating updated cost of the business activity based on the at least one change request is then derived.