Abstract: A compact linear bi-directional motor is driven by one or more induced strain actuators, such as piezoelectric actuators, fabricated in its preferred embodiment using MEMS technology and incorporating a plurality of multi-clamps that alternately engage, forced by electrically energized auxiliary actuators, the rails or micro-ridges located on the base of the motor, on which they ride. This function is synchronized with energizing of the main actuator that alternately extends and contracts causing incremental motion of the multi-clamp assembly. An external load can be attached through a shaft to the multi-clamp assembly or the base.

Abstract: An inertial impact drill for diverse applications in cytology such as in-vitro fertilization, genetic research, pharmaceutical research, cloning, etc., is designed to operate in conjunction with micropipettes, microelectrodes, and micromanipulators. The drill includes two opposing actuators, one version of which is comprised a plurality of individual piezoelectric elements, the other version is comprised of a plurality of electrostrictive elements. The actuators drive a small inertial mass to produce sharp short reciprocal movements of this mass. The movements of the inertial mass result in repetitive impacts that are transferred to the micropipette or a microelectrode, which is mechanically coupled to the body of the inertial impact drill. In addition, the impacts cause mechanical oscillation of the tip of a micropipette or a microelectrode at its resonant frequency that is higher than the repetition rate of the impacts.