Abstract: Acrylic monomers are grafted onto starch-containing materials by a novel dry state process in which small amounts of peroxides chemically initiate the free radical reaction. Since the process is dry and the resultant products contain no contaminants, it is unnecessary to isolate, wash, and dry them before use. The products are useful in the paper and mineral separation industries.

Abstract: A field effect transistor is used to short circuit the timing capacitor of a gaseous tube when power is interrupted or removed. The short circuiting of the timing capacitor prevents the residual capacitor charge from being added to a new charge after an interruption so that the early firing of the gaseous tube is avoided and damage is prevented.Because capacitor charging always starts at zero voltage when the field effect transistor is used, hysteresis, at low voltage outputs, from the gaseous tubes is greatly improved.

Abstract: A field effect transistor is used to short circuit the timing capacitor of a thyristor when power is interrupted or removed. The short circuiting of the timing capacitor prevents the residual capacitor charge from being added to a new charge after an interruption so that the early firing of the thyristor is avoided and component damage is prevented. Because capacitor charging always starts at zero voltage when the field effect transistor is used, hysteresis at low voltages is greatly improved.

Abstract: A transistor amplifier consisting of a modulated radio frequency generator and a detector circuit wherein the operating portion of the input-output curve of the radio frequency generator is a complement of the operating portion of the input-output curve of the detector circuit. The curvature of the radio frequency generator is controlled by variation in the current of a radio frequency voltage through a diode, changing the loading on a tuned circuit so that the amplifier may be adjusted for low, zero or negative harmonic distortion. The amplifier may be adjusted to compensate for distortion in equipment connected to its input terminals or distortion in equipment connected to its output terminals.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for preparing cationic starches and flours by reacting starch-containing materials in a dry state with a halohydrin at a pH of 9 or below without the necessity for subsequent alkali neutralization or washing. The resultant products have cationic properties remarkably superior to prior art cationic starches over a broad range of acid and alkaline pH's. In the manufacture of paper, they serve as excellent pigment retention and dry-strength improvement agents.