Abstract: A new and useful illumination device, designed especially for input/output panels that are often operated in less than favorable ambient lighting conditions, is provided. The illumination device is designed to be integrally connected with an input/output panel and is selectively actuatable to a condition in which it directs light over a predetermined portion of the panel. When actuated, the illumination device is effective to direct light at the panel that illuminates the entire panel, or at least a predetermined portion of the panel that is sufficient to enable the user to fully operate the panel. The illumination device is particularly useful with portable input/output panels (i.e. input/output panels such as (a) remote controls, (b) PDA's, (c) laptop computers, (d) cell phones, etc. that are intended to be carried about by a user and operated in the ambient lighting conditions about the user).

Abstract: A new and useful illumination device, designed especially for input/output panels that are often operated in less than favorable ambient lighting conditions, is provided. The illumination device is designed to be integrally connected with an input/output panel and is selectively actuatable to a condition in which it directs light over a predetermined portion of the panel. When actuated, the illumination device is effective to direct light at the panel that illuminates the entire panel, or at least a predetermined portion of the panel that is sufficient to enable the user to fully operate the panel. The illumination device is particularly useful with portable input/output panels (i.e. input/output panels such as (a) remote controls, (b) PDA's, (c) laptop computers, (d) cell phones, etc. that are intended to be carried about by a user and operated in the ambient lighting conditions about the user).

Abstract: A bandgap reference circuit as may be used in ultra-low current applications is provided. An exemplary bandgap circuit can be configured to generate a positive temperature coefficient without the need for a resistor to offset a negative temperature coefficient. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a bandgap circuit comprises a negative temperature coefficient generated from a junction device and a positive temperature coefficient generated from an FET-based device. An exemplary junction device can comprise a bipolar, junction diode or any other device for generating a negative temperature coefficient, while an exemplary FET-based device comprises a gate-drain connected device configured to provide a gate-source voltage having a positive temperature coefficient coupled in series with the bipolar device.

Abstract: The leakage current correction circuit uses a dummy device Mleak to detect leakage current. The dummy device is a scaled down version of the pass element Mpass. A current router is used to either gain up the dummy leakage current and apply it to the output Vout or simply dump the small un-gained current to ground GND.

Abstract: The leakage current correction circuit uses a dummy device Mleak to detect leakage current. The dummy device is a scaled down version of the pass element Mpass. A current router is used to either gain up the dummy leakage current and apply it to the output Vout or simply dump the small un-gained current to ground GND.

Abstract: A produce-bagging machine utilizing factory-roll polyethylene net tubing for automatic packaging is described. The bagging machine is designed to form bags from factory rolls of polyethylene net tubing, fill the bags with produce, and close and eject them in a continuous automatic cycle. The machine consists of seven main parts: (1) an opening and gripping mechanism, (2) a bottom-closing and cutting mechanism, (3) a filling device, (4) a top-closing mechanism, (5) an ejection chute, (6) automatic action controls, and (7) a spreading mechanism.