Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide, and the control thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of detecting a leak of fluoroolefin compositions and sensors used therefor. In particular, the method is particularly useful for detecting a leak of a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition from a cooling system of an automotive vehicle. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of determining the components of a fluoroolefin composition, a method of recharging a fluid system in which the composition is used, and sensors used therefor. In particular, the composition may be a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition used within a vapor compression system, where the refrigerant composition is useful in cooling systems as replacements for existing refrigerants with higher global warming potential. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV/vis sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are detectable refrigerant compositions, comprising from about 0.001 to about 5 weight percent tracer compositions, which are useful to identify leaking in a vapor compression refrigeration and/or air conditioning system. The presence of the tracers make the refrigerant compositions detectable by chemo/electro-active array, corona discharge, heated diode, electrochemical, photoionization, infra red, ultrasonic and electron capture detectors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are detectable refrigerant compositions, comprising from about 0.001 to about 5 weight percent tracer compositions, which are useful to identify leaking in a vapor compression refrigeration and/or air conditioning system. The presence of the tracers make the refrigerant compositions detectable by chemo/electro-active array, corona discharge, heated diode, electrochemical, photoionization, infrared, ultrasonic and electron capture detectors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device and method for converting the resistances of an array of metal oxide sensors into digital signals, wherein the sensors respond to the concentration of gases surrounding the sensor array. The device includes an electronic excitation device that provides an excitation voltage to the sensors; analog-to-digital signal conversion devices that convert the resistances of the sensors to digital signals; and means for calculating gas concentrations from the digital signals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide, and the control thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide, and the control thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are detectable refrigerant compositions, comprising from about 0.001 to about 5 weight percent tracer compositions, which are useful to identify leaking in a vapor compression refrigeration and/or air conditioning system. The presence of the tracers make the refrigerant compositions detectable by chemo/electro-active array, corona discharge, heated diode, electrochemical, photoionization, infrared, ultrasonic and electron capture detectors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of determining the components of a fluoroolefin composition, a method of recharging a fluid system in which the composition is used, and sensors used therefor. In particular, the composition may be a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition used within a vapor compression system, where the refrigerant composition is useful in cooling systems as replacements for existing refrigerants with higher global warming potential. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV/vis sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a culture medium container such as a bag comprising a main compartment and a locus of containment that contains a nutrient concentrate until it is released at the time of use. The locus of containment may comprise separated compartments defined by frangible seals or seals comprising a water-reactive material. Sachets comprising frangible seals or a water-reactive material are also suitable for the locus of containment. Matrices and coatings comprising water-reactive material are also suitable. Capsules that can be pulverized and/or dissolved may also be used.

Abstract: A gas detector includes a predetermined amount of a sensor material having at least one optical property which changes as a result of reaction with a target gas and a photometric device operable to measure the intensity of said at least one optical property of the sensor material. The reaction is such that there is a one-to-one relationship between the magnitude of the intensity of at least one optical property and the concentration of the target gas in the gas sample whereby the concentration of the target gas in the gas sample may be determined from the measured magnitude of the intensity of said at least one optical property after the passage of the predetermined volume of gas sample over the given area of sensor material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for controlling a process, such as a chemical reaction, that emits a multi-component mixture of gases; and for controlling a device to which is transmitted a product of a chemical reaction that emits a multi-component mixture of gases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide, and the control thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of improving a chemo/electro-active material by increasing the sensitivity of the material; increasing the stability of an electrical response characteristic of the chemo/electro-active material; or increasing the speed with which a change in an electrical response characteristic of the chemo/electro-active material is detected.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for controlling a process, such as a chemical reaction, that emits a multi-component mixture of gases; and for controlling a device to which is transmitted a product of a chemical reaction that emits a multi-component mixture of gases.