Abstract: The invention relates to a fermented onion composition having a dry matter content of at feast 8 wt. %, said composition comprising, per gram of dry matter: a) 0-150 mg of saccharides selected from fructose, glucose, sucrose and combinations thereof; b) 5-250 mg of phenols selected from acid equivalent of gallic acid, acid equivalent of ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and combinations thereof; c) 75-500 mg acid equivalent of organic acid selected from propionic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and combinations thereof, The fermented onion composition of the present invention can advantageously be used as an effective, label-friendly food ingredient to increase overall quality of foods. The invention also provides a method of preparing a fermented onion composition, comprising: providing an onion substrate containing 10-50 wt. % dry matter and 50-90 wt. % water, wherein at least 40 wt.

Abstract: The Invention relates to a fermented onion composition having a dry matter content of at least 8 wt. %, said composition comprising, per gram of dry matter: a) 0-150 mg of saccharides selected from fructose, glucose, sucrose and combinations thereof; b) 5-250 mg of phenols selected from acid equivalent of gallic acid, acid equivalent of ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and combinations thereof; c) 75-500 mg acid equivalent of organic acid selected from propionic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and combinations thereof, including at least 200 mg lactic acid equivalent and/or at least 75 mg propionic acid equivalent and/or at least 120 mg acetic acid equivalent; wherein the combination of components a) to c) constitutes 50-89 wt. % of the dry matter that is contained in the composition; and wherein at least 90 wt. % of the composition is dissolved at a temperature of 20° C. when the composition is diluted with distilled water to a dry matter content of 5 wt. %.

Abstract: The invention relates to membranes, membrane modules, and applications therefor. In particular, the invention relates to the construction of membranes for use in osmotically driven membrane processes.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to forward osmosis membranes and methods of making forward osmosis membranes, in particular improved thin support layer upon which an active layer is cast.

Abstract: The invention relates to repairing and/or modifying a surface of a membrane in osmotically driven membrane systems by the introduction of one or more substances to the membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to membranes, membrane modules, and applications therefor. In particular, the invention relates to the construction of membranes for use in osmotically driven membrane processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to repairing and/or modifying a surface of a membrane in osmotically driven membrane systems by the introduction of one or more substances to the membrane.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses relate to repairing a conduit having a defect and providing the conduit with structural support. A support member may be positioned along the inner surface of a conduit covering a defect. A sealing member may be disposed along a periphery of the support member so as to provide an obstruction to fluid flow between an outer surface of the support member and the inner surface of the conduit. One or more retaining members may apply a suitable pressure to the sealing member and support member to maintain obstruction to fluid flow between the interior and the exterior of the conduit. The support member may provide the repaired conduit with a greater degree of structural integrity and strength at the site of the defect than would otherwise be available.