Abstract: An apparatus may include one or more processors and a non-transitory, computer-readable medium including instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to display a user interface including an indication of a snapshot group comprising two or more snapshots and an amount of exclusive storage space used by the snapshot group, receive, via the user interface, a user selection of the snapshot group, and delete the selected snapshot group to reclaim the amount of exclusive storage space used by the snapshot group.

Abstract: Various embodiments set forth techniques for managing metadata for a vblock include dynamically normalizing and denormalizing vblock metadata associated with an extent. Vblock metadata associated with an extent is normalized when the extent is migrated to a different extent group by having the vblock metadata to a mapping between the extent identifier and an extent group identifier in a metadata map separate from the vblock metadata. Vblock metadata associated with an extent is denormalized whenever the number of vblock metadata associated with an extent drops below a threshold. Vblock metadata is denormalized by updating the vblock metadata to include a mapping to an extent group, based on a mapping of the extent to the extent group in a separate metadata map, and then removing the mapping in the separate metadata map.

Abstract: A method of purifying an organic solvent is provided. The method includes introducing an organic solvent into a membrane distillation system. The membrane distillation system includes a perfluorodioxole membrane. The method includes performing a distillation technique with the membrane distillation system using the perfluorodioxole membrane to treat and purify the organic solvent.

Abstract: Reverse osmosis (RO) separation of organic solvent mixtures where solvent molecular weights <100 Da is challenging especially for powerful solvents that swell most uncrosslinked polymers. To avoid polymer swelling by solvents, a particular perfluoropolymer, perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene, (PDD-TFE), designated CMS-7, was studied. This amorphous glassy extremely hydrophobic copolymer has a very high free volume (FV) fraction. The maximum radial dimension of FV regions is less than ˜0.65 nm allowing only single solvent molecule permeation. Further, interactions between polarity, dimensions and shapes of solvent molecules with those of polymer FV elements can lead to extraordinarily selective permeation. Permeation behaviors of other solvent mixtures, toluene-n-heptane, NMP-tetrahydrofuran, methanol-water, ethanol-water as well as individual phases of the immiscible mixture of NMP and the nonpolar solvent n-heptane were also studied.

Abstract: Reverse osmosis (RO) separation of organic solvent mixtures where solvent molecular weights <100 Da is challenging especially for powerful solvents that swell most uncrosslinked polymers. To avoid polymer swelling by solvents, a particular perfluoropolymer, perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene, (PDD-TFE), designated CMS-7, was studied. This amorphous glassy extremely hydrophobic copolymer has a very high free volume (FV) fraction. The maximum radial dimension of FV regions is less than ˜0.65 nm allowing only single solvent molecule permeation. Further, interactions between polarity, dimensions and shapes of solvent molecules with those of polymer FV elements can lead to extraordinarily selective permeation. Permeation behaviors of other solvent mixtures, toluene-n-heptane, NMP-tetrahydrofuran, methanol-water, ethanol-water as well as individual phases of the immiscible mixture of NMP and the nonpolar solvent n-heptane were also studied.