Abstract: A nano-vacuum tube (NVT) transistor comprising a source having a knife edge, a drain, and a channel formed between the source and the drain, the channel having a width to provide a pseudo-vacuum in a normal atmosphere. The NVT transistor utilizing a space charge plasma formed at the knife edge within the channel.

Abstract: A nano-vacuum tube (NVT) transistor comprising a source having a knife edge, a drain, and a channel formed between the source and the drain, the channel having a width to provide a pseudo-vacuum in a normal atmosphere. The NVT transistor utilizing a space charge plasma formed at the knife edge within the channel.

Abstract: A nano-vacuum tube (NVT) transistor comprising a source having a knife edge, a drain, and a channel formed between the source and the drain, the channel having a width to provide a pseudo-vacuum in a normal atmosphere. The NVT transistor utilizing a space charge plasma formed at the knife edge within the channel.

Abstract: A nano-vacuum tube (NVT) transistor comprising a source having a knife edge, a drain, and a channel formed between the source and the drain, the channel having a width to provide a pseudo-vacuum in a normal atmosphere. The NVT transistor utilizing a space charge plasma formed at the knife edge within the channel.

Abstract: An eight-bit RISC based microcontroller includes an eight-bit register file having a dedicated arithmetic logic unit (ALU), in addition to a general purpose eight-bit ALU. The register file further includes means for combining a pair of registers to provide a logical sixteen-bit register for indirect addressing. The dedicated ALU is a sixteen-bit ALU which provides certain arithmetic functions for the register pair, thus alleviating the computational burdens that would otherwise be imposed on the general purpose eight-bit ALU. A further feature of the invention is the inclusion of a paging register which is combined with the contents of the logical sixteen-bit register to provide an even greater addressing range. Yet another feature of the eight-bit microcontroller of the present invention is the means for directly reading and writing to any bit position within the register file with a single instruction.

Abstract: An eight-bit RISC based microcontroller includes an eight-bit register file having a dedicated arithmetic logic unit (ALU), in addition to a general purpose eight-bit ALU. The register file further includes means for combining a pair of registers to provide a logical sixteen-bit register for indirect addressing. The dedicated ALU is a sixteen-bit ALU which provides certain arithmetic functions for the register pair, thus alleviating the computational burdens that would otherwise be imposed on the general purpose eight-bit ALU. A further feature of the invention is the inclusion of a paging register which is combined with the contents of the logical sixteen-bit register to provide an even greater addressing range. Yet another feature of the eight-bit microcontroller of the present invention is the means for directly reading and writing to any bit position within the register file with a single instruction.

Abstract: In a stop-and-display station in document-handling equipment wherein a document in a track is stopped and viewed through a transparent first wall, whereagainst it is supported by a non-transparent second wall, a reflective photosensor assembly is angled relative to the back wall such that a light beam from a light-emitting diode cannot be specularly reflected onto a phototransistor either from a document or from the inner surface of the transparent first wall. The phototransistor intercepts a portion of the scatter-reflected light from the document. The light from the light-emitting diode is modulated with a predetermined frequency, and the output signal from the phototransistor is filtered by a band-pass filter before threshold detection to provide indication of the presence of a document. A turn-off delay circuit prevents loss of indication of the presence of a document unless signals from the phototransistor have been absent for longer than a predetermined period.