Abstract: A system for locating a transponder (10) to an accuracy of plus or minus about 10 m in an area about 5 km across includes a master station (12) and two slave stations (14, 16) at known positions. The transponder and the two slaves each incorporates an electronic flywheel circuit and means to bring it into synchronism with a synchronizing signal from the master station. After a preset delay the transponder then transmits a radio signal to be received by the slave stations and by the master station, the time of receipt of which is measured at each. From these times the location of the transponder (10) is determined by a computer (18).

Abstract: A surveillance system transmits a microwave carrier signal through a surveillance zone (14). Two low frequency energy fields are also established in the zone being produced by respective pairs of closely spaced apart low frequency signals radiated from opposite sides of the zone. A receptor reradiator in the zones receives these signals and reradiates a reply signal to a receiver the reply signal consisting of the microwave carrier signal amplitude modulated in accordance with the instantaneous value of the low frequency fields at the location of the receptor reradiator. The receiver separates out preselected intermodulation products and activates an alarm only when the preselected intermodulation products are present.

Abstract: A system for monitoring the position of a receptor reradiator in a surveillance zone having a first means for transmitting a first signal through the zone, and a receptor reradiator operable in response to reception of said signal to radiate at least one reply signal which is a function of the first signal and of the position of said receptor reradiator in the zone. There is also a receiver for receiving the reply signal, means controlled by the receiver, dependent upon the reply signal to indicate the position of the receptor reradiator in the zone, and an alarm triggerable by the receiver responsive to the latter for receiving the reply signals.