Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for direct casting molten metal to continuous strip of crystalline material by controlling the supply of molten metal to a casting vessel substantially horizontal to an adjacent moving casting roll surface, the molten metal level in the exit end being near the crest of the casting roll, separating a semi-solid cast strip substantially horizontally from near the crest of the casting roll and providing secondary cooling while transporting the separated strip to solidify the strip.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for direct casting molten metal to continuous strip of crystalline material by controlling the supply of molten metal to a casting vessel substantially horizontal to an adjacent moving casting roll surface, the molten metal level in the exit end being near the crest of the casting roll, separating a semi-solid cast strip substantially horizontally from near the crest of the casting roll and providing secondary cooling while transporting the separated strip to solidify the strip.

Abstract: A method is provided for directly casting molten metal from a U-shaped structure of the exit end of a casting vessel onto a moving casting surface to form a continuous strip of crystalline material. The method includes radiantly cooling the molten metal in a zone defined above the molten metal, across the width of the U-shaped structure and adjacent the casting surface. The method also includes providing a non-oxidizing atmosphere in the zone.

Abstract: A method is provided for directly casting molten metal from of the exit end of a casting vessel onto a moving casting surface to form a continuous strip of crystalline metal. The surface tension of the molten metal flowing from the exit forms the top, edge and bottom surfaces of the strip being cast to provide good strip surface quality, edges and structure. An apparatus is also provided including a casting vessel having a molten metal receiving end and an exit end from which a fully developed uniform flow of molten metal leaves through a U-shaped structure onto a moving casting surface. A direct cast strip product is also provided.

Abstract: An annular tuyere is provided having improved corrosion resistance, particularly at low gas flow rates and useful in the production of metal alloys. The tuyere may have a solid core defining an annulus between the core and an outer tubing. A method is also provided for raising the critical bath temperature at which the tuyere would melt and to minimize the gas flow necessary to cool the tuyere tip.

Abstract: An annular tuyere is provided having improved corrosion resistance, particularly at low gas flow rates and useful in the production of metal alloys. The tuyere may have a solid core defining an annulus between the core and an outer tubing. A method is also provided for raising the critical bath temperature at which the tuyere would melt and to minimize the gas flow necessary to cool the tuyere tip.