Abstract: Tools and methods are provided for supplementing an optimization solution for an objective function based on a model of one or more hydrocarbon refining and/or conversion and/or chemical production processes with supporting analysis. The supporting analysis can illustrate for a user how the nature of the feed(s) and/or the selected processing conditions and/or the quality of the product(s) contributes to the optimized solution. A user interface is also provided to facilitate viewing of the information by a user. The supporting analysis can allow a user to understand the factors in the optimized solution that contribute in a significant way.

Abstract: Tools and methods are provided for supplementing an optimization solution for an objective function based on a model of one or more hydrocarbon refining and/or conversion and/or chemical production processes with supporting analysis. The supporting analysis can illustrate for a user how the nature of the feed(s) and/or the selected processing conditions and/or the quality of the product(s) contributes to the optimized solution. A user interface is also provided to facilitate viewing of the information by a user. The supporting analysis can allow a user to understand the factors in the optimized solution that contribute in a significant way.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting interference in a wireless communications system. The invention compares the receiver FFT output of a received signal against known sequences such as the packet synchronization sequence, frame synchronization sequence, and channel estimation sequence. By comparing the reference signal to the known sequences, the invention estimates the instantaneous signal to noise ratio (SNR) for each tone of a wireless transmission. To improve the SNR estimate, the invention computes a weighted average across multiple OFDM symbols. The invention looks for significant increases (spikes) in the SNR as a way of distinguishing interfering signals from noise. The invention can store separate SNR estimates for each transmitter in a wireless network. One embodiment of the invention uses Viterbi branch metrics in conjunction with the estimated SNR to determine the presence of an interfering signal.

Abstract: An antenna clip includes a U-shaped front end that slides into a slot on an edge of a printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB holds the clip rigidly in both a lateral direction and in a front to back parallel orientation with the PCB providing a reliable electrical contact between the antenna and the phone electrical circuitry. An antenna switching circuit switches between an internally connected antenna and an external system detachably coupled to an external connector. The antenna circuit has a wire length of .lambda./4 between the phone circuit and the antenna and a wire length of N.lambda./2 between the phone circuitry and the external system. The antenna then appears as an open circuit when coupled to ground through a diode. Alternatively, the external connector appears as an open circuit when disconnected from the external system.