Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for dissolving salt in an undersaturated brine to bring the brine up to saturation conditions. A salt slurry, specifically sodium chloride, is brought into a holding tank and recycled to keep the solids suspended in the liquid. Part of the recycling salt stream is diverted to a saturator unit consisting of an upright column and a slurry feed tube mounted inside and coaxial with the column. The slurry passes downwardly through the feed tube and mixes with an undersaturated brine stream entering through the bottom of the column. This mixture flows upwardly through an annulus section defined between the feed tube and saturator column, with the salt dissolving in the brine during the upward flow. Saturated brine is removed at the top of the column for ultimate use, such as in chlorine cells.

Abstract: A method of regenerating particles in an ion exchange column wherein the physical characteristics of a regenerating fluid cause regenerated particles to be displaced from the original bed of particles and flow in a direction countercurrent to that of the fluid.

Abstract: A filter regeneration method comprising mixing precipitate deposited on a bed of filtering particles throughout the bed to thereby reduce the pressure drop across the filter generally occurring during use. Regeneration is conveniently accomplished by fluidizing the precipitate and filtering particles into another portion of the filter. Two types of apparatus are described in which the regeneration method may be used.