Abstract: Thrust vectoring enhances aircraft and spacecraft maneuverability. The propulsion systems of aircraft, using gas turbine engines, and spacecraft, using solid or liquid rockets, generate compressed gases that are directed through a nozzle to generate forward thrust. This patent describes opening ports to release gases from aircraft and spacecraft in a direction other than the direction of forward propulsion. By altering the direction of gas flows leaving the craft pitch, roll, yaw and attitude control is obtained. To control gas flow from ports a variable throat thrust vectoring nozzle is described. Independent operation of ports, rotational nozzles, laterally moving flaps and rotational vanes assists the thrust vectoring of gases leaving aircraft or spacecraft ports. The ability to direct gases enhances maneuverability during vertical takeoff and landing, forward flight and space flight.

Abstract: This patent concerns a internal duct VTOL propulsion system. To establish balance in a hover lift is generated forward and aft in the aircraft center of gravity. Aft lift is developed by vectoring the aft flow of exhaust in the exhaust duct downward. Forward lift is developed by vectoring a forward air flow of air in the air intake duct downward. Using the air intake duct allows forward lift to be generated well forward of the aircraft's center of gravity. This reduces the forward thrust required to establish balance while in a hover. During VTOL air is drawn through the top of the aircraft. During forward flight air enter the air intake ducts. Internal ducts conduct air, moved aft by the fan, around the fan and forward into the air intake ducts during VTOL. The internal ducts are closed during forward flight.

Abstract: A heated and insulated catalytic converter includes a heat storage device and a control system for maintaining an elevated temperature while the engine is not operating. The control system may also include control of flaps to allow cool air to circulate to prevent overheating and timers.

Abstract: A heated and insulated catalytic converter includes a heat storage device and a control system for maintaining an elevated temperature while the engine is not operating. The control system may also include control of flaps to allow cool air to circulate to prevent overheating and timers.