Abstract: Described herein is a coating composition comprising: (a) a metal catalyst, wherein the metal catalyst comprises at least one of platinum, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys and combinations thereof; (b) an at least highly fluorinated ionomer comprising a polymer backbone and a plurality of first side chains pendant therefrom, wherein the first side chain comprises at least one protogenic group, wherein the protogenic group is selected from a sulfonic acid, a bis(sulfonyl)imide, a sulfonamide, a sulfonyl methide, and salts and combinations thereof, and wherein the polymer backbone comprises an average of at least 14 carbon atoms between adjacent first side chains along the polymer backbone; and (c) a solvent. Such coating compositions may be used to make electrodes for electrochemical cells and have been shown to have reduced poisoning of the catalyst.

Abstract: Described herein is a coating composition comprising: (a) a metal catalyst, wherein the metal catalyst comprises at least one of platinum, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys and combinations thereof; (b) an at least highly fluorinated ionomer comprising a polymer backbone and a plurality of first side chains pendant therefrom, wherein the first side chain comprises at least one protogenic group, wherein the protogenic group is selected from a sulfonic acid, a bis(sulfonyl)imide, a sulfonamide, a sulfonyl methide, and salts and combinations thereof, and wherein the polymer backbone comprises an average of at least 14 carbon atoms between adjacent first side chains along the polymer backbone; and (c) a solvent. Such coating compositions may be used to make electrodes for electrochemical cells and have been shown to have reduced poisoning of the catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrogen fueling system for generating hydrogen on demand is described. The system includes an electrolyzer configured to generate at least a predetermined quantity of hydrogen in a predetermined time when operated at no less than a predetermined current density and provided with at least a predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time, where the predetermined quantity of hydrogen is at least 1 kg of hydrogen, the predetermined time is no more than 30 minutes, and the predetermined current density is at least 5 A/cm2. The system may further include an electrical energy storage system electrically connected to the electrolyzer and capable of supplying at least 20% of the predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time. The electrolyzer may include an anode including a plurality of acicular particles dispersed in an ionomer binder, where the acicular particles include iridium.

Abstract: Described herein is a plurality of acicular particles dispersed with ionomer binder for use in an electrolyzer. The acicular particles comprise a microstructured core with a layer of catalytic material on at least one portion of the surface of the microstructured core. The catalytic material comprises iridium and the microstructured core comprises at least one of a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic compounds. The acicular particles are substantially free of platinum.

Abstract: Described herein is a plurality of acicular particles dispersed with ionomer binder, solvent, and a plurality of carbon particles in a composition. The acicular particles comprise a microstructured core with a layer of catalytic material on at least one portion of the surface of the microstructured core. The catalytic material comprises (i) platinum and/or (ii) at least one of iridium and ruthenium and the microstructured core comprises at least one of a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic compounds.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates membrane-electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells and liquid flow batteries produced therefrom. The membrane-electrode assemblies include a first porous electrode; an ion permeable membrane, having a first major surface and an opposed second major surface; a first discontinuous transport protection layer disposed between the first porous electrode and the first major surface of the ion permeable membrane; and a first adhesive layer in contact with the first porous electrode and at least one of the first discontinuous transport protection layer and the ion permeable membrane. The first adhesive layer is disposed along the perimeter of the membrane-electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrode assemblies, membrane-electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells and liquid flow batteries produced therefrom. The electrode and membrane-electrode assemblies include (i) a porous electrode having a first major surface with a first surface area, Ae, an opposed second major surface and a plurality of voids; (ii) a discontinuous transport protection layer, comprising polymer, disposed on the first major surface and having a cross-sectional area, Ap, substantially parallel to the first major surface; and (iii) an interfacial region wherein the interfacial region includes a portion of the polymer embedded in at least a portion of the plurality of voids, a portion of the porous electrode embedded in a portion of the polymer or a combination thereof; and wherein 0.02Ae?Ap?0.85Ae and the porous electrode and discontinuous transport protection layer form an integral structure.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.