Abstract: A method employing a deformable metallic element is disclosed particularly characterized in that the element is formed of a hard resilient metal which undergoes work hardening when it is deformed beyond the elastic limit thereof. The element is made in the form of a relatively thin walled tubular member convoluted in longitudinal cross section. Upon axial compression the element undergoes a first period of resilient deformation during which the compressive force increases substantially linearly followed by a second period of plastic deformation during which the compressive force remains constant. The method is suited to imposing a substantially constant predetermined preload on a pair of opposed members.The element of the present invention is particularly useful as a load member to create a predetermined load on a part which it is desired to maintain under a predetermined constant load.

Abstract: A deformable metallic element particularly characterized in that the element is formed of a hard resilient metal which undergoes work hardening when it is deformed beyond the elastic limit thereof. The element is made in the form of a relatively thin walled tubular member convoluted in longitudinal cross section and upon axial compression undergoes a first period of resilient deformation during which the compressive force increases substantially linearly followed by a second period of plastic deformation during which the compressive force remains constant.The element of the present invention is particularly useful as a load member to create a predetermined load on a part which it is desired to maintain under a predetermined constant load.