Abstract: An exercise apparatus adapted to provide resistance to an exercising user who attempts to induce an exercise stroke of the apparatus and which is also adapted so that once the exercising user has initiated the exercise stroke along the stroke path the user may: (1) continue to exert a force along the stroke path; (2) exert a force opposite the exercise stroke path, this force will also be resisted by the apparatus; (3) exert no force, in which case the apparatus will continue the exercise stroke path; or (4) the user may initiate some combination of the above actions. The exercise apparatus being further adapted so that gravity and friction do not have a significant effect on the resistance or assistance that the user confronts. Embodiments of the invention encompass exercise stroke paths in up to three dimensions, whereby the user may perform linear, rotational, or a combination of both movements in exercising with the apparatus.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus adapted to provide resistance to an exercising user who attempts to induce an exercise stroke of the apparatus and which is also adapted so that once the exercising user has initiated the exercise stroke along the stroke path the user may: (1) continue to exert a force along the stroke path; (2) exert a force opposite the exercise stroke path, this force will also be resisted by the apparatus; (3) exert no force, in which case the apparatus will continue the exercise stroke path; or (4) the user may initiate some combination of the above actions. The exercise apparatus being further adapted so that gravity and friction do not have a significant effect on the resistance or assistance that the user confronts. Embodiments of the invention encompass exercise stroke paths in up to three dimensions, whereby the user may perform linear, rotational, or a combination of both movements in exercising with the apparatus.

Abstract: A ground-working vehicle including a chassis, at least three ground-contacting wheels coupled with the chassis for supporting and moving the vehicle on the ground and an implement coupled with the chassis for working on the ground, at least beneath one side of the chassis, while the vehicle is in motion. A first one of the wheels is positioned opposite the one side of the chassis and mounted for rotation about only a single axis extending generally towards the one side of the chassis. Each of the at least two other wheels are mounted for rotation about two axes including a vertical pivot axis. The pivot axes are asymmetrically spaced from the first wheel to enhance the operability and maneuverability of the vehicle in various configurations.