Abstract: Methods and systems for tracking a physical object to identify or authenticate it utilizing digital fingerprints which are based on natural features extracted from a digital image of the object. Digital fingerprints do not require or rely on any labels, tags, integrated materials, unique identification characters, codes or other items that may be added to the object specifically for the purpose of identification. Consequently, the disclosed digital fingerprint techniques help to detect or prevent unauthorized alterations of documents, apparel, drugs and pharmaceuticals, etc. Further digital fingerprints can be used to better track and trace a wide variety of objects throughout the distribution chain to demonstrate their provenance and to detect counterfeit objects.

Abstract: A probe for measuring an agent in gas and liquid form comprising: a body including an inner chamber and comprised of a porous material; and a heating element in thermal communication with the porous material.

Abstract: A fluid identification system comprising a plurality of particles, each particle encapsulating therein at least one tracer material having an identifiable DNA, the at least one tracer material being encapsulated by an encapsulation material, wherein the particles are adapted to retain the at least one tracer material in an encapsulated form after exposure of the particles to a temperature of at least 75° C. and/or a pressure of at least 1000 psi (6.9×106 N/m2).

Abstract: A filtration mask has a collapsible air guide and two filter supports connected at a hinge. The filter supports are movable between a storage position and a deployment position in which the angle between the filter supports being less in the deployment position than in the storage position. In an aspect of this invention, the filter support each have a recess at the hinging edge, and an exhale valve communicating with the air guide is mounted in the recess. In another aspect the exhale valve is connected to the filter supports by a flexible membrane. In a third aspect the air guide is formed by hinged panels.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a cleaning appliance includes a rotatable agitator and an agitator chamber housing the agitator. The agitator includes a flexible body and surface engaging members mounted on the body. The agitator chamber includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the surface engaging members enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane. The cleaner head includes a drive mechanism for rotating the agitator about a rotational axis which is inclined both relative to the plane of the opening and towards the rear of the opening so that, with rotation of the agitator, the surface engaging members protrude through the opening towards the front of the opening.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a vacuum cleaning appliance includes a first rotatable agitator and a second rotatable agitator for sweeping debris from a surface, each agitator comprising a disc-shaped body and a plurality of resilient members, preferably in the form of bristles, mounted on the body for engaging the surface. The agitators are housed within an agitator chamber which includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the bristles enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane, and each body is inclined relative to the plane of the opening so that, with rotation of the agitator, the bristles protrude through the opening. The bristles of the first agitator are angularly offset from the bristles of the second agitator.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a cleaning appliance includes a rotatable agitator and an agitator chamber housing the agitator. The agitator includes a drive shaft, a flexible body connected to the drive shaft and surface engaging members mounted on the flexible body. The agitator chamber includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the surface engaging members enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane relative to which the flexible body is inclined so that, with rotation of the agitator, the surface engaging members protrude through the opening, preferably towards the front of the opening.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a cleaning appliance includes a rotatable agitator and an agitator chamber housing the agitator. The agitator includes a drive shaft, a flexible body connected to the drive shaft and surface engaging members mounted on the flexible body. The agitator chamber includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the surface engaging members enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane relative to which the flexible body is inclined so that, with rotation of the agitator, the surface engaging members protrude through the opening, preferably towards the front of the opening.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a cleaning appliance includes a rotatable agitator and an agitator chamber housing the agitator. The agitator includes a flexible body and surface engaging members mounted on the body. The agitator chamber includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the surface engaging members enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane. The cleaner head includes a drive mechanism for rotating the agitator about a rotational axis which is inclined both relative to the plane of the opening and towards the rear of the opening so that, with rotation of the agitator, the surface engaging members protrude through the opening towards the front of the opening.

Abstract: A cleaner head for a vacuum cleaning appliance includes a first rotatable agitator and a second rotatable agitator for sweeping debris from a surface, each agitator comprising a disc-shaped body and a plurality of resilient members, preferably in the form of bristles, mounted on the body for engaging the surface. The agitators are housed within an agitator chamber which includes a downwardly-directed opening through which debris energized by the bristles enters the cleaner head. The opening is located in a plane, and each body is inclined relative to the plane of the opening so that, with rotation of the agitator, the bristles protrude through the opening. The bristles of the first agitator are angularly offset from the bristles of the second agitator.

Abstract: Systems and devices are provided to facilitate safe handling and injection of medicaments contained in vials. A vial handling system has at least one vial gripping member to hold a vial, and a filler pin movable relative to the vial gripping member for piercing a membrane seal on the vial. At least one window is provided in the vial handling system to permit access to remove a cap on the vial, while preventing needle access to the membrane seal through the window. In some embodiments, the vial contents are removed through a male end connector portion of a unique connector pair. A female end connector portion has a female socket with an inner fluid tube in fluid communication with a body of a syringe, while the male end connector portion has an engaging end dimensioned to fit within the female socket and securely overlap the inner fluid tube.

Abstract: The present application relates generally to a novel microfluidic device for the in it propagation of neoplastic cellagregates under conditions that mimic the physiological microenvironment found in tumors. The invention also describes methods of screening for therapeutic test agents and protocols that target proliferating and quiescent neoplastic cells within tumors.

Abstract: A muffler may comprise a casing having an internal volume, an inlet and an outlet, and a diverter plate dividing the internal volume into a first chamber and a second chamber. The diverter plate may comprise a baffle wall portion and at least one diverter having a deflecting surface oriented at an angle to the baffle wall portion. The baffle wall includes at least one aperture allowing fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber. The diverter is preferably suspended with respect to the casing, wherein no portion of the diverter directly contacts the casing.

Abstract: A mail processor and a method for processing mail is provided. The mail processor severs envelopes along one or more edges and transports the envelopes to a work desk where an operator removes contents from the envelopes. A feeder draws envelopes from the bottom of a stack of mail placed in a hopper. The envelopes are serially fed by the feeder to a cutting assembly that severs each envelope along one or more edges. A transport assembly tilts each envelope in an inclined plane and presents the tilted envelope to an operator. An extractor opens the severed faces of the envelope to expose the contents to the operator and permit the operator to remove the contents from the envelope. In one embodiment of the invention, the envelope is discharged from the extractor to a verifier that confirms that the envelope is empty prior to disposal of the envelope.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for processing mail by severing an edge of each envelope in a stack of mail. The apparatus includes an input bin for receiving a stack of mail. An agitator confronting the stack of envelopes in the input bin reciprocally displaces the bottom envelope in the stack of mail to provide separation between the bottom envelope and the remaining envelopes in the stack. A feeder feeds the bottom envelope from the input bin to a transport that conveys the envelope along an envelope path. A cutter positioned along the envelope path severs one edge of the envelopes. The transport discharges the opened envelopes onto a return conveyor that conveys the opened envelopes to a stacking area where the opened envelopes are stacked.

Abstract: A spinal syringe and needle for preventing the inadvertent injection of an intravenous drug spinally includes a needle engagement extension on the spinal needle defining an opening of a first diameter, a syringe engagement extension on the spinal syringe defining an opening of a second diameter, the syringe engagement extension engageable with the needle engagement extension to operatively connect the needle to the syringe. The first and second diameters are dimensioned such that a surface of the syringe engagement extension is in frictional engagement with a surface of the needle engagement extension, the first diameter is substantially the same as the diameter of an opening defined by the engagement extension of a typical syringe and the second diameter is substantially the same as the diameter of an opening defined by the engagement extension of a typical needle.

Abstract: A spinal syringe and needle for preventing the inadvertent injection of an intravenous drug spinally includes a needle engagement extension on the spinal needle defining an opening of a first diameter, a syringe engagement extension on the spinal syringe defining an opening of a second diameter, the syringe engagement extension engageable with the needle engagement extension to operatively connect the needle to the syringe. The first and second diameters are dimensioned such that a surface of the syringe engagement extension is in frictional engagement with a surface of the needle engagement extension, the first diameter is substantially the same as the diameter of an opening defined by the engagement extension of a typical syringe and the second diameter is substantially the same as the diameter of an opening defined by the engagement extension of a typical needle.

Abstract: An add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer (ADM) for switching, modulating and attenuating optical signals in a fiber optic network employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is disclosed. The ADM is equipped an optical multiplexer for splitting an input WDM signal into individual optical signals, leading to respective 2.times.2 switches. Each switch has another input originating from a plurality of "add lines", and selects one of its inputs to be dropped and the other to continue along a main signal path. The retained signals may be modulated and attenuated prior to being tapped and finally multiplexed together by a WDM multiplexer. The tapped signals are optoelectronically converted and fed back to a controller, preferably a digital signal processor running a software algorithm, which controls the switching, modulation and attenuation.

Abstract: An add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer (ADM) for switching, modulating and attenuating optical signals in a fiber optic network employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is disclosed. The ADM is equipped an optical multiplexer for splitting an input WDM signal into individual optical signals, leading to respective 2.times.2 switches. Each switch has another input originating from a plurality of "add lines", and selects one of its inputs to be dropped and the other to continue along a main signal path. The retained signals may be modulated and attenuated prior to being tapped and finally multiplexed together by a WDM multiplexer. The tapped signals are optoelectronically converted and fed back to a controller, preferably a digital signal processor running a software algorithm, which controls the switching, modulation and attenuation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling the frequency of a laser in an optical transmission system which involves applying a frequency modulation to the laser, determining an amplitude modulation present in the signal downstream of the laser and attributable to the frequency modulation, and discriminating a portion of the amplitude modulation which is substantially in phase quadrature with the applied frequency modulation. The frequency of the laser is controlled on the basis of the discriminated quadrature portion. An optical component downstream of the laser may have a response which converts FM to AM. The response and the frequency output of the laser can be locked to one another, without errors caused by unwanted AM in the transmitted signal modulation frequency.