Abstract: In order to reduce noise on twisted metallic pair signal conductors, circuits are disclosed in which the signal balance between the wires of the pair is significantly improved, thereby reducing the line's susceptibility to external electromagnetic interference and equally reducing its ability to radiate signals into the surrounding medium. Further, the common mode impedance of the wire pair as seen at or close to the junction with the terminating equipment is controlled in order to reduce the ability of signals external to the wire pair to couple into the wire. This reduces noise in the line, as perceived by connected equipment, leading to an increase in the data carrying capacity of the line and the usable length of the line carrying such data.

Abstract: In order to reduce noise in telecommunications made over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) of metallic conductors an active electronic circuit for a two-to-four wire hybrid circuit reduces common mode signals without recourse to inductive components. The hybrid has a balance network that dynamically alters its impedance to closely balance with the two wire line impedance. Residual common mode signals are cancelled. Resistors are connected to the wires and the circuit generates a high impedance to differential mode signals and a virtual ground to common mode signals.

Abstract: In order to reduce noise on twisted metallic pair signal conductors, circuits are disclosed in which the signal balance between the wires of the pair is significantly improved, thereby reducing the line's susceptibility to external electromagnetic interference and equally reducing its ability to radiate signals into the surrounding medium. Further, the common mode impedance of the wire pair as seen at or close to the junction with the terminating equipment is controlled in order to reduce the ability of signals external to the wire pair to couple into the wire. This reduces noise in the line, as perceived by connected equipment, leading to an increase in the data carrying capacity of the line and the usable length of the line carrying such data.

Abstract: Integrating dual antennae into a single rigid assembly guarantees parallel alignment between the antennae and provides higher isolation with lower insertion loss than duplexing methods can achieve through a single antenna. The resulting higher performance at lower cost can benefit two-way communication systems using time division duplexing, frequency division duplexing, or polarization division duplexing; or combinations of these methods.

Abstract: In order to reduce noise in telecommunications made over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) of metallic conductors an active electronic circuit for a two-to-four wire hybrid circuit reduces common mode signals without recourse to inductive components. The hybrid has a balance network that dynamically alters its impedance to closely balance with the two wire line impedance. Residual common mode signals are cancelled. Resistors are connected to the wires and the circuit generates a high impedance to differential mode signals and a virtual ground to common mode signals.

Abstract: Integrating dual antennae into a single rigid assembly guarantees parallel alignment between the antennae and provides higher isolation with lower insertion loss than duplexing methods can achieve through a single antenna. The resulting higher performance at lower cost can benefit two-way communication systems using time division duplexing, frequency division duplexing, or polarization division duplexing; or combinations of these methods.

Abstract: In order to reduce noise in telecommunications made over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) of metallic conductors an active electronic circuit for a two-to-four wire hybrid circuit reduces common mode signals without recourse to inductive components. The hybrid has a balance network that dynamically alters its impedance to closely balance with the two wire line impedance. Residual common mode signals are cancelled. Resistors are connected to the wires and the circuit generates a high impedance to differential mode signals and a virtual ground to common mode signals.