Abstract: Dispensers for liquids are provided having structure for containing a pool of liquid in the dispenser, to a predetermined level. A discharge chamber contains air above the level of liquid and a discharge device extends upwardly at least partly through the discharge chamber from below the level of the pool and has an external outlet. The discharge device includes a foamer chamber having a wall defining very small holes located above the pool level, and pressure means is coupled to the discharge chamber and operable to increase the pressure in the discharge chamber so that a pressure applied on the pool level drives liquid into the discharge device. Simultaneously air is forced through the small holes in the foamer chamber to meet the liquid passing through the foamer chamber where progressive foaming takes place before the resulting foam is forced through a discharge outlet.

Abstract: The invention provides a dispenser for dispensing one or two liquids simultaneously. For two liquids the dispenser has a pair of inverted containers defining bottom openings with the containers arranged in side-by-side relationship. A base is sealingly attached to the containers and has two reservoirs and associated dispensing openings. The arrangement is such that liquid from the containers will pool in the reservoirs below the dispensing outlets creating a condition of equilibrium in the containers. When the user disturbs the equilibrium, liquids from both containers flow out through the respective dispensing outlets for mixing in use, and then after dispensing air, flows into the dispenser to replace dispensed liquid thereby allowing equilibrium to again be established.When the invention is used for dispensing a single liquid, one container contains liquid and the second container is squeezed to disturb the equilibrium and cause dispensing.

Abstract: A dispenser is provided for liquids which responds to actuation either by squeezing or by some other action to cause dispensing. Liquid is stored in an enclosure and an outlet structure has an outlet passageway which carries liquid from the enclosure to exit outside the dispenser. A buoyant bell combines with the passageway to trap liquid in the enclosure. If preferred, upon actuation liquid will flow initially, and then the bell can be made to seal the outlet structure to stop liquid flow thereby simulating a pumping action.

Abstract: A dispenser for liquid is provided having a relatively stiff or rigid container above a resiliently deformable reservoir structure. The container is coupled to the reservoir structure and the container has a bottom outlet inside the reservoir structure which also includes a discharge structure leading from the inside to the outside of the reservoir structure. Liquid is dispensed when the user causes relative movement between the container and the reservoir structure to increase the pressure in the reservoir structure and to thereby force liquid from the reservoir structure through the outlet passageway.

Abstract: The invention provides dispensers for liquids having a dispensing opening in the side of the dispenser and liquid is stored in a main body of a resiliently deformable container coupled to a neck structure which has a bottom outlet inside a base structure. In use, the dispenser is first lifted and then tilted through about 30 to 50 degrees before squeezing the container. The tilting action causes some of the air in the base structure to be trapped thereby minimizing the effect of temperature compensation on response rate. Consequently, the squeezing action is immediately available to force liquid to pass through the base structure and issue from the side dispensing opening. Various structures can be made consistent with the invention to accommodate a range of liquids having different properties.

Abstract: A dispenser for liquids is provided having a container including a bottom opening and an envelope structure surrounding the container. A bottom wall on the envelope structure is adjacent the bottom opening so that liquid from the container will collect in the envelope structure about the bottom opening. A dispensing passage is coupled to the envelope structure and leads from inside the envelope structure below the bottom opening upwardly and terminates outside the envelope structure. At least a portion of the envelope structure is resiliently deformable for deflection to create pressure in liquid in the envelope structure to thereby cause liquid to exit through the dispensing passage.

Abstract: Dispensers are provided of the type which include a flow path through which liquid must pass to leave the dispenser. After the dispenser has been actuated to dispense, the flow path then receives reverse flow as the dispenser recovers ready for the next dispensing. This reverse flow limits the possibility of dripping from the dispensing outlet. A flow controller in the flow path automatically adjusts to have little or no interference to the flow of liquid leaving the dispenser and then positions itself to slow down the rate of reverse flow into the dispenser. The dispenser is suitable for more viscous liquids.

Abstract: A dispenser for liquids having a rigid container (22, 52, 74) for storing the liquid at a first level and a reservoir (24, 54, 76) below said first level providing liquid communication with the container so that some liquid at a second level in the reservoir traps the liquid in the container due to the build up of a negative pressure in the container above the first level of liquid. An outlet passageway (41, 50, 78) has an inlet positioned normally in the liquid below the second level and extending upwardly from the inlet and terminating outside the dispenser. Displacement structure (28, 56, 94) is operably coupled to the reservoir for increasing the pressure in the reservoir to thereby dispense liquid through the outlet passageway.

Abstract: A dispenser is provided for liquids, the dispenser having a container and an outlet at a predetermined first level. The pressure in the container can be varied and a reservoir receives liquid from the outlet. A discharge passageway extends upwardly from the first level and terminates at a discharge opening at a second level, and an air relief opening is provided above the first level. The relief opening is no lower than the second level so that liquid displaced from the container flows into the reservoir and out of the passageway while air is trapped in the reservoir above the first level. Consequently any gradual increase in temperature will cause air from the reservoir to be displaced through the air relief opening to minimize the risk of temperature driven dispensing. The passageway is defined by the combination of a cup-shaped base and a sleeve within the base.

Abstract: A dispenser is provided for liquids, the dispenser having a container and an outlet at a predetermined first level. The pressure in the container can be varied and a reservoir receives liquid from the outlet. A discharge passageway extends upwardly from the first level and terminates at a discharge opening at a second level, and an air relief opening is provided above the first level. The relief opening is no lower than the second level so that liquid displaced from the container flows into the reservoir and out of the passageway while air is trapped in the reservoir above the first level. consequently any gradual increase in temperature will cause air from the reservoir to be displaced through the air relief opening to minimize the risk of temperature driven dispensing.

Abstract: A liquid dispenser is described which dispenses liquid through a sidewall of the dispenser. The dispenser includes an air pocket structure in a lower portion adjacent the container base and a dispensing exit at the same level as the air pocket structure. The dispenser can be squeezed to reduce the volume in the container and cause liquid to be ejected from the dispensing exit. The exit and air pocket structure are proportioned so that on release of pressure, air is sucked-back into the dispenser through the exit and air pocket to remove liquid in the exit and eliminate dripping. The air pocket is also designed to compensate for temperature increases of 30.degree. F. to 40.degree. F. without having product leakage. The dispenser can accommodate liquids of different viscosities and various preferred embodiments are disclosed for different dispenser applications.

Abstract: A liquid dispenser is described which comprises a substantially airtight container for storing liquid to be dispensed with the container being formed with a downwardly-extending, constricted liquid passageway and a cap member with an open top in liquid-sealed engagement with the lower end of the container to define a chamber within the cap member and surrounding the liquid passageway, the cap member having an outlet positioned above the lower end of the liquid passageway in the chamber such that when an increase of pressure is established within the container liquid is expelled through the outlet.

Abstract: A container for liquid comprises a substantially airtight body for storing liquid, a means for varying the pressure of gas above the level of liquid in the body of the container, e.g. resilient flexible container walls such as a squeeze bottle, an air pocket structure disposed at the lower end of the container, and in free liquid communication with the body of the container so as to allow entry of liquid from the body of the container into the air pocket structure. Air resides in the air pocket structure when the container is disposed with its lower end downwardly. An outlet passageway has an upper end which communicates near the top of the air pocket structure to be disposed in air in the air pocket and a lower end open to atmosphere exteriorly of the container and the air pocket. Such a container holds liquid therein without dripping. To discharge the liquid, the pressure on the body is increased, so as to cause liquid to rise through the air pocket structure, and issue liquid from the outlet passageway.

Abstract: An electrosurgical body electrode to serve as the return electrode in electrosurgical procedures, adapted to be attached to a patient's body, comprises a base cover sheet, a thin, flexible electrically-conductive metal plate adjacent the inner side of the coversheet, a thin, substantially uniform dielectric layer, e.g. polyester film, partially or completely covering the metal plate on the body attaching side, along with adhesive sections for releasably attaching the electrode to the patient's body skin and an electrical connector for connecting the metal plate into an electrical circuit. The electrode causes capacitive coupling of the body into the electrical circuit, for return of the high frequency electric current used in electrosurgical procedures. The cover sheet is stretchable, to press the metal plate into contact with the body of the patient, and includes a stretch indicator to show the operative that the plate is in proper contact under the stretched cover sheet.

Abstract: A cable connector particularly adapted for attachment to the end of a cable and releasable attachment to a stud fastener such as commonly provided on an electrosurgical electrode, comprises a body portion having a groove therein along which the head of the stud fastener can slide to a contact location defined by a blind end of the slot. Resilient metal contacts are provided within the body of the connector, to form a resilient electrical contact with the head of the terminal at such location. A hinged locking lever is provided, which hinges into a locking position, in which a protruberance extending downwardly from the locking lever engages behind the head of the stud terminal and prevents its withdrawal from the contact location along the slot. The dimensions of the slot prevent withdrawal of terminal in any other direction. The locking lever also has an engaging proturberance which releasably engages a formation on the end of the body, to hold the locking lever in its locked position.

Abstract: This disposable body electrode is constructed so that it can be stretched taut over a portion of a person's body to provide both secure attachment and uniformly good electrical contact thereto. The electrode includes an elastic cover sheet, a smaller flexible metallic sheet provided with a male snap fastener protruding through the cover sheet, and a stretchable, porous inner sheet all secured together at one end of the electrode. At the opposite end, only the cover sheet and inner sheet are secured together, thereby leaving the major area of the metallic sheet unsecured between them. An adhesive area is provided at each end of the inner surface of the inner sheet for removably attaching the electrode to the body.