Abstract: Alkylene oxides are polymerized in a tubular reactor. The alkylene oxide is continuously introduced into the tubular reactor through multiple introduction points located along the length of the tubular reactor. Monomer flow rates are increased along the length of the reactor to maintain a nearly constant concentration of unreacted alkylene oxide.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a nanofluid comprising a polar fluid medium; and a functionalized carbon nanomaterial. The present disclosure further describes a process for preparing a nanofluid comprising providing a functionalized carbon nanomaterial; providing a polar fluid medium; and dispersing the functionalized carbon nanomaterial in the polar fluid medium by ultrasonication.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for making hydroxyethyl piperazine compounds especially mono-hydroxyethyl piperazine. The improvement comprises reacting piperazine and an alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide in a reactive distillation column.

Abstract: A process for purifying methyl methacrylate. The method comprises: (a) feeding a product mixture comprising methyl methacrylate, methanol, water and oligomers of methyl methacrylate to a divided section of a distillation column comprising a dividing wall; (b) removing an overhead stream and a bottoms stream from the distillation column, and removing a middle side draw stream from the distillation column; wherein the crude product enters the dividing wall distillation column in a divided section on an opposing side of the dividing wall from the middle side draw stream; and (c) removing an upper side draw stream from a point above the dividing wall and below the top of the distillation column, separating a portion of water from the upper side draw stream to produce a dewatered upper side draw stream and returning the dewatered upper side draw stream to the distillation column.

Abstract: Alkylene oxides are polymerized in a tubular reactor. The alkylene oxide is continuously introduced into the tubular reactor through multiple introduction points located along the length of the tubular reactor. Monomer flow rates are increased along the length of the reactor to maintain a nearly constant concentration of unreacted alkylene oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for recovering olefins from a vent stream comprising an absorber; and a stripper; where the absorber and the stripper are in a recycle loop; and where the absorber is operative to treat a vent stream with a solvent to remove more than 99 wt % of a halogenated by-product contained in the vent stream and to recover 90 to 95 wt % of olefin molecules present in the vent stream; and where the stripper is operative to remove more than 99 wt % of the halogenated by-products present in the solvent; and where the solvent is recycled to the absorber.

Abstract: A process for purifying methyl methacrylate. The method comprises: (a) feeding a product mixture comprising methyl methacrylate, methanol, water and oligomers of methyl methacrylate to a divided section of a distillation column comprising a dividing wall; (b) removing an overhead stream and a bottoms stream from the distillation column, and removing a middle side draw stream from the distillation column; wherein the crude product enters the dividing wall distillation column in a divided section on an opposing side of the dividing wall from the middle side draw stream; and (c) removing an upper side draw stream from a point above the dividing wall and below the top of the distillation column, separating a portion of water from the upper side draw stream to produce a dewatered upper side draw stream and returning the dewatered upper side draw stream to the distillation column.

Abstract: The azeotrope, or near azeotrope, of methanol and MMA is separated via extractive distillation using an extractive distillation solvent comprising cyclohexanone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for making hydroxyethyl piperazine compounds especially mono-hydroxyethyl piperazine. The improvement comprises reacting piperazine and an alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide in a reactive distillation column.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing photocurable composition includes from 20 wt % to 70 wt % of an urethane acrylate component, from 20 wt % to 60 wt % of a multifunctional epoxide component, from 1 wt % to 15 wt % of a monomer component, and from 1 wt % to 8 wt % of a photoinitiator component, based on the total weight of the composition. The urethane acrylate component includes the capping reaction product of an acrylate and an isocyanate terminated prepolymer and the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 3000 g/mol. The multifunctional epoxide component includes one or more multifunctional epoxides. The monomer component includes at least one of a multifunctional acrylate monomer and a multifunctional vinyl ether monomer.

Abstract: The azeotrope, or near azeotrope, of methanol and MMA is separated via extractive distillation using an extractive distillation solvent comprising cyclohexanone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for recovering olefins from a vent stream comprising an absorber; and a stripper; where the absorber and the stripper are in a recycle loop; and where the absorber is operative to treat a vent stream with a solvent to remove more than 99 wt % of a halogenated by-product contained in the vent stream and to recover 90 to 95 wt % of olefin molecules present in the vent stream; and where the stripper is operative to remove more than 99 wt % of the halogenated by-products present in the solvent; and where the solvent is recycled to the absorber.

Abstract: A method for producing an amine. The first step is contacting a cyanide, an acid, water and a substrate compound capable of generating a carbonium ion by reaction with the acid to generate a first reaction intermediate. The second step is contacting the first reaction intermediate with water to form a second reaction intermediate. The third step is removing cyanide present in the second reaction intermediate to a concentration less than 10 ppm. The fourth step is contacting the second reaction intermediate with an alkali metal hydroxide to form the amine.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for synthesizing nitroalkanes by reaction of a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid. The apparatus may be designed such that it can synthesize more than one nitroalkane using the same equipment.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where the apparatus has a source of a first reactant stream wherein the first reactant comprises a metal; a source of a second reactant stream; a laminar flow contacting zone for cocurrently contacting the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream; a mixing zone comprising a turbulence-promoting device; and a heat transfer zone.

Abstract: Processes for preparing N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium hydroxide (choline hydroxide) and the choline hydroxide produced are described. These processes minimize the production of byproduct mono-ethoxylated and di-ethyoxylated choline in the product choline hydroxide. The processes generally include feeding ethylene oxide, trimethylamine, and water into a first reactor to create a first reactor product under temperature controlled conditions. The product of the first reactor is fed into a second reactor to form a second reactor product under uncontrolled, adiabatic, conditions. Finally, any unreacted trimethylamine in the second reactor product is removed to form a final product comprising choline hydroxide. Additional reactors can be used for the ethylene oxide and trimethylamine reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and an apparatus for synthesizing nitroalkanes by reaction of a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid. Energy and capital costs may be reduced by recycling a majority of the aqueous phase back to the reactor.

Abstract: A method for producing an amine. The first step is contacting a cyanide, an acid, water and a substrate compound capable of generating a carbonium ion by reaction with the acid to generate a first reaction intermediate. The second step is contacting the first reaction intermediate with water to form a second reaction intermediate. The third step is removing cyanide present in the second reaction intermediate to a concentration less than 10 ppm.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and apparatuses for concentrating at least one organic acid using an alkyl acetate as an entrainer. The processes and apparatuses may use the same alkyl acetate as an entrainer to concentrate a mixture of organic acids.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where the apparatus has a source of a first reactant stream wherein the first reactant comprises a metal; a source of a second reactant stream; a laminar flow contacting zone for cocurrently contacting the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream; a mixing zone comprising a turbulence-promoting device; and a heat transfer zone.