Abstract: Disclosed herein is a PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, compositions comprising the PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, methods of preparing the PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, and a method of treating or preventing a fungal disease in a plant using the compounds and compositions disclosed herein. The PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene has the formula A-P-B, wherein A is a first pentacyclic triterpene; B is a second pentacyclic triterpene; and P is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, compositions comprising the PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, methods of preparing the PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene, and a method of treating or preventing a fungal disease in a plant using the compounds and compositions disclosed herein. The PEGylated bis pentacyclic triterpene has the formula A-P-B, wherein A is a first pentacyclic triterpene; B is a second pentacyclic triterpene; and P is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule.

Abstract: A process for purification of water soluble polymers is provided. A polymer of interest can be separated from a mixture of polymers, provided the polymer of interest differs from other polymers in the mixture in the number of reactive terminal groups. The process involves derivatizing polymers at the reactive terminal groups with a derivatizing molecule, bearing either (i) two or three cationic or anionic ionizable groups, and a group capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups or (ii) three or four ionizable groups, at least one of which is capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups; followed by ion exchange. The process allows removal of PEG from MPEG, and can be used for polymers having an average size greater than 9,000 Da Derivatization may be reversible in order to allow re-use of recovered contaminant polymers.

Abstract: A process for purification of water soluble polymers is provided. A polymer of interest can be separated from a mixture of polymers, provided the polymer of interest differs from other polymers in the mixture in the number of reactive terminal groups. The process involves derivatizing polymers at the reactive terminal groups with a derivatizing molecule, bearing either (i) two or three cationic or anionic ionizable groups, and a group capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups or (ii) three or four ionizable groups, at least one of which is capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups; followed by ion exchange. The process allows removal of PEG from MPEG, and can be used for polymers having an average size greater than 9,000 Da Derivatization may be reversible in order to allow re-use of recovered contaminant polymers.

Abstract: A furnace system for automatic, continuous and efficient burning of fragmented wood-type fuel incorporates a wood-type fuel combustion chamber, a fragmented wood-type fuel feeder or conveyor for trickle feeding fuel into the chamber at selected uniform rates, a heat exchanger or heat exchange plenum, igniter for igniting the fuel fragments supported in the combustion chamber, a flame sensor mounted relative to the combustion chamber for sensing the presence of flames from fuel supported in the combustion chamber, one or more blowers providing forced air or forced draft, and a control circuit for controlling and sequencing operation of the elements for the furnace system and for operatively coupling the flame sensor and igniter for switching off the igniter upon sensing of flames from the wood-type fuel.

Abstract: A furnace system suitable for independent use and for retrofitting conventional central heating oil furnaces to permit controlled continuous and efficient combustion of fragmented wood type fuels. Wood chips or other fuel fragments are trickle fed into a refractory wood type combustion chamber. For retrofitting an oil furnace the oil burner gun is removed. A flame tube adapter couples the wood type fuel combustion chamber into the oil combustion chamber and heat exchanger plenum of the conventional furnace. The oil burner gun of the retrofitted furnace is used to ignite the wood chips or other fuel fragments during start up. A blower establishes forced draft. The furnace system includes automatic controls for sequencing operation of the elements of the retrofitting furnace system. An independent wood chip furnace system is also described.