Abstract: The addition of a variety of additives to a soluble electroluminescent polymer in solution is used to improve the printability and performance of screen printed light-emitting polymer-based devices. Examples of such additives include transparent polymers, gel-retarders, high viscosity liquids, organic and inorganic salts, and oxide nanoparticles. The additives are used to control the viscosity of the electroluminescent polymer ink, to decrease the solvent evaporation rate, and to improve the ink consistency and working time. In addition, these additives can improve the charge injection and power efficiency of light emitting devices manufactured from the screen printable electroluminescent polymer ink.

Abstract: The addition of a variety of additives to a soluble electroluminescent polymer in solution is used to improve the printability and performance of screen printed light-emitting polymer-based devices. Examples of such additives include transparent polymers, gel-retarders, high viscosity liquids, organic and inorganic salts, and oxide nanoparticles. The additives are used to control the viscosity of the electroluminescent polymer ink, to decrease the solvent evaporation rate, and to improve the ink consistency and working time. In addition, these additives can improve the charge injection and power efficiency of light emitting devices manufactured from the screen printable electroluminescent polymer ink.

Abstract: A screen printed light emitting polymer device is fabricated by depositing an electroluminescent polymer layer between a transparent electrode and an air stable screen printed top electrode. Screen printing a conductive electrode on top of a light emitting polymer layer typically results in a short circuit because metal conductive particles poke through the polymer layer. We have found three ways to prevent this. One is to screen print an organic conductor on top of the light emitting polymer layer so that metal conductive particles cannot penetrate to the transparent electrode. Another way is to decrease the particle size in the conductive metal paste in addition to using a solvent that does not soften the light emitting polymer layer being printed on. A third way is to print a sol-gel conductive layer where the conductive metal particles precipitate after the layer is printed. In addition, additives to the screen printed top electrode can be used to improve device efficiency.

Abstract: Described is a process for manufacturing a light emitting polymer device comprising, in one embodiment, the steps of providing a transparent or non-transparent electrode-containing substrate adapted to act as a first electrode, screen printing a light emitting polymer layer, which is composed of a light emitting polymer dissolved in a solvent, onto the hole injection layer and screen printing a hole injection layer onto the transparent electrode-containing substrate on one side of the light emitting polymer layer.

Abstract: A colorable resin particle having an outer shell of a non-sticky olefinic polymer having a flow index of less than 20 decigrams/minute and an inner core of at least 90 wt % of a sticky polymer, the resin particle being made in a gas phase fluidized bed reactor at or above the sticking temperature of the sticky polymer in the absence of an inert particulate material fluidization aid.

Abstract: A process for producing polyethylene resins containing carbon black in a gas fluidized bed reactor which comprises introducing into said reactor, polymerizable monomers capable of producing polyethylene resins at polymerizable reaction temperatures in the presence of a catalyst while directly introducing into said reactor during said polymerization, carbon black, in an amount to produce said polyethylene resins containing carbon black.

Abstract: A process for the separation of ethanol from water using solvent extraction at elevated pressures is disclosed. Separation is effected by contacting aqueous ethanol with either propylene (propene), allene (propadiene), methyl acetylene (propyne), or methyl allene (1,2-butadiene). This produces two liquid layers which separate because of the difference in their densities, and are easily drawn off as separate streams. The solvent is recovered by reverse osmosis means in a liquid state. The ethanol and water remain in a liquid state and are substantially recovered.

Abstract: A process for the separation of ethanol from water using solvent extraction at elevated pressures is disclosed. Separation is effected by contacting aqueous ethanol with either propylene (propene), allene (propadiene), methyl acetylene (propyne), or methyl allene (1,2-butadiene). This produces two liquid phases which separate because of the difference in their densities, and are easily drawn off as separate streams. The solvent is recovered by distillation and condensation using a heat pump to transfer heat. The ethanol and water remain in a liquid state and are substantially recovered.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for conduct of fluidized bed reactions having an improved grate wherein at least one substantially continuous open slot sufficiently wide for passage of heavy solid particles is provided for preferential removal of heavy particles from the fluidizing chamber. The apparatus and process is particularly useful in coal gasification applications.