Abstract: A fully automated method for detecting and measuring a target of interest such as vasculature, capable of processing whole slide images and extracting large number of targets of interest per slide. The method includes the steps of: (a) obtaining a digital image of a tissue specimen; (b) using a first set of mathematical algorithms based on objectively-defined criteria to isolate the one or more targets of interest from the slide, thereby detecting the one or more targets of interest; and (c) using a second set of mathematical algorithms based on objectively-defined criteria to construct boundaries around the detected targets of interest and obtain quantitative attributes of these one or more targets throughout the slide, thereby measuring the one or more targets.

Abstract: A fully automated method for detecting and measuring a target of interest such as vasculature, capable of processing whole slide images and extracting large number of targets of interest per slide. The method includes the steps of: (a) obtaining a digital image of a tissue specimen; (b) using a first set of mathematical algorithms based on objectively-defined criteria to isolate the one or more targets of interest from the slide, thereby detecting the one or more targets of interest; and (c) using a second set of mathematical algorithms based on objectively-defined criteria to construct boundaries around the detected targets of interest and obtain quantitative attributes of these one or more targets throughout the slide, thereby measuring the one or more targets.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations and methods for optimizing the intracellular concentrations of NAD are provided. The present methods and compounds relate to the use of PBEF, PRPP and various forms of nicotinamide, individually or in combination, for therapeutic, cyto-protective, cosmetic and anti-aging purposes. PBEF, PRPP and nicotinamide, individually or in combination, as administered according to the invention, increase the metabolic fitness, health and performance of the cell, and thereby increase the cell's level of health during its lifecycle. By way of the present formulations and methods, optimizing the intracellular concentration of NAD+ facilitates a balance among the numerous intracellular interactions of NAD+, and its related pathways, such that the health of the cell and its resistance to stress and trauma are increased. This increased robustness attendant to the invention also facilitates the delay of apoptosis.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations and methods for optimizing the intracellular concentrations of NAD are provided. The present methods and compounds relate to the use of PBEF, PRPP and various forms of nicotinamide, individually or in combination, for therapeutic, cyto-protective, cosmetic and anti-aging purposes. PBEF, PRPP and nicotinamide, individually or in combination, as administered according to the invention, increase the metabolic fitness, health and performance of the cell, and thereby increase the cell's level of health during its lifecycle. By way of the present formulations and methods, optimizing the intracellular concentration of NAD+ facilitates a balance among the numerous intracellular interactions of NAD+, and its related pathways, such that the health of the cell and its resistance to stress and trauma are increased. This increased robustness attendant to the invention also facilitates the delay of apoptosis.