Abstract: The present invention is a light emitting device apparatus and method of fabrication. The structure employs a waveguide in the lateral (x) direction formed via materials index, resonant wavelength and/or current-induced index changes. In the vertical (y) direction a resonant optical cavity is formed via distributed Bragg reflector and/or metal mirrors with sufficient reflectivity so as to create a substantial standing wave. The light is thereby constricted to propagate in the longitudinal (z) direction. A tapered output section may be employed to suppress lasing in the longitudinal direction or to losslessly transfer the light from the confined section to a resonant output coupler. Conversely, feedback may be employed to induce lasing in the longitudinal direction by suitable means, such as a periodic variation in the material index, resonant wavelength, gain or loss. The resonant output coupler may be formed by suitable means, such as mirror or cavity modulation.

Abstract: A folded cavity semiconductor optical amplifier is provided that includes a first mirror disposed on a substrate of semiconductor material and an active region formed thereon consisting of an optical cavity with a gain medium. The optical cavity being disposed adjacent the first mirror. A second mirror is formed and disposed on the active region on a surface opposite the first mirror. The active region of the amplifier includes input and output portions formed in one or both mirrors. The input and output portions formed from layers of reduced reflectivity relative to the first or second mirror and a longitudinal waveguide integral to the optical cavity connecting the input and output portions to allow for light to be amplified to enter at the input port, travel through the vertical cavity and longitudinal waveguide, and exit as amplified light at the output portion of the waveguide structure.

Abstract: A folded cavity semiconductor optical amplifier is provided that includes a first mirror disposed on a substrate of semiconductor material and an active region formed thereon consisting of an optical cavity with a gain medium. The optical cavity being disposed adjacent the first mirror. A second mirror is formed and disposed on the active region on a surface opposite the first mirror. The active region of the amplifier includes input and output portions formed in one or both mirrors. The input and output portions formed from layers of reduced reflectivity relative to the first or second mirror and a longitudinal waveguide connecting the input and output portions to allow for light to be amplified to enter at the input port, travel through the vertical cavity and longitudinal waveguide, and exit as amplified light at the output portion of the waveguide structure.