Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method of making a lubricant composition for lapping a ceramic material. The method includes mixing a base lubricant component and a powdered wax composition component to form the lubricant composition. The powdered wax composition component includes a powdered wax dispersion or a powdered wax emulsion. The amount of powdered wax composition component mixed with the base lubricant component is from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight of the lubricant composition. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of related lubricant compositions and/or methods of using the lubricant to lap a ceramic substrate (e.g., one or more bars of sliders).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method of making a lubricant composition for lapping a ceramic material. The method includes mixing a base lubricant component and a powdered wax composition component to form the lubricant composition. The powdered wax composition component includes a powdered wax dispersion or a powdered wax emulsion. The amount of powdered wax composition component mixed with the base lubricant component is from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight of the lubricant composition. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of related lubricant compositions and/or methods of using the lubricant to lap a ceramic substrate (e.g., one or more bars of sliders).

Abstract: A system and method of reducing turbulence sensitivity in a laser spot detector. Embodiments may include using beam splitters, reflectors, and beam deviators. The reflectors may be trihedral reflectors and the beam deviators may be segmented wedge plates having predetermined physical angles and angle directions in each wedge segment designed to produce opposing blurs for each segment of the aperture. A predetermined blur introduced into each line of sight eliminates the need for de-focus, thereby mitigating effects such as centroid shift caused by turbulence or dirty/damaged sensor apertures.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing turbulence sensitivity in a laser spot detector. Embodiments may include using beam splitters, reflectors, and beam deviators. The reflectors may be trihedral reflectors and the beam deviators may be segmented wedge plates having predetermined physical angles and angle directions in each wedge segment designed to produce opposing blurs for each segment of the aperture. A predetermined blur introduced into each line of sight eliminates the need for de-focus, thereby mitigating effects such as centroid shift caused by turbulence or dirty/damaged sensor apertures.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing turbulence sensitivity in a laser spot detector. Embodiments may include using beam splitters, reflectors, and beam deviators. The reflectors may be trihedral reflectors and the beam deviators may be segmented wedge plates having predetermined physical angles and angle directions in each wedge segment designed to produce opposing blurs for each segment of the aperture. A predetermined blur introduced into each line of sight eliminates the need for de-focus, thereby mitigating effects such as centroid shift caused by turbulence or dirty/damaged sensor apertures.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing turbulence sensitivity in a laser spot detector. Embodiments may include using beam splitters, reflectors, and beam deviators. The reflectors may be trihedral reflectors and the beam deviators may be segmented wedge plates having predetermined physical angles and angle directions in each wedge segment designed to produce opposing blurs for each segment of the aperture. A predetermined blur introduced into each line of sight eliminates the need for de-focus, thereby mitigating effects such as centroid shift caused by turbulence or dirty/damaged sensor apertures.

Abstract: An optical apparatus and a method of using an optical instrument comprising providing to a primary optical axis of the instrument a plate tilted so as not to be perpendicular to the primary optical axis and continuously rotating the plate about the primary optical axis.

Abstract: A foam-generating assembly for use in generating a nitrogen-containing foam useful in preventing or extinguishing fires includes a foam generator, a first tank containing a foamable aqueous liquid and a second tank containing nitrogen gas, the foam generator including a header which is hollowed out to provide a swirl chamber defined by an outer cylindrical wall, an inner cylindrical wall and a floor, a spray nozzle in the center of the floor for spraying foamable aqueous liquid supplied from the first tank, and an orifice in the inner cylindrical wall to supply a tangential flow of nitrogen gas from the second tank into the swirl chamber and around the spray nozzle and the liquid spray emitted therefrom and provide a vortex flow of a mixture of foamable aqueous liquid and nitrogen gas. First and second foaming screens are provided through which the vortex flow passes to provide first a coarse nitrogen-containing foam and then a fine nitrogen-containing foam.

Abstract: A foam-generating assembly for use in generating a nitrogen-containing foam useful in preventing or extinguishing fires includes a foam generator, a first tank containing a foamable aqueous liquid and a second tank containing nitrogen gas, the foam generator including a header which is hollowed out to provide a swirl chamber defined by an outer cylindrical wall, an inner cylindrical wall and a floor, a spray nozzle in the center of the floor for spraying foamable aqueous liquid supplied from the first tank, and an orifice in the inner cylindrical wall to supply a tangential flow of nitrogen gas from the second tank into the swirl chamber and around the spray nozzle and the liquid spray emitted therefrom and provide a vortex flow of a mixture of foamable aqueous liquid and nitrogen gas. First and second foaming screens are provided through which the vortex flow passes to provide first a coarse nitrogen-containing foam and then a fine nitrogen-containing foam.