Abstract: A method of completely filling mines and underground cavities in such a way as to reinforce the strata and ground thereabove in order to prevent collapse or subsidence. The method comprises introduction into mines and cavities, expandable plastic materials which are incorporated into a chemically catalysed foam reaction and strongly bonded thereby. The heat required to expand foamable plastic materials many-fold is provided by the chemically exothermic polymerization reaction of polymeric isocyanate with polyols and epoxides by basic catalysis which promotes highly exothermic urethane/isocyanurate polymer formation in the presence of suitable blowing agents and surfactants.

Abstract: A mounting assembly for supporting a scraping tool (e.g. a bulldozer blade) forward of a vehicle (e.g. a bulldozer) and enabling independent angling and tilting of the tool is disclosed. The assembly includes a U-shaped mainframe, a swingframe, means for pivotally connecting the swingframe to the mainframe, means for pivotally connecting the tool to the swingframe, tilt actuator means interconnecting the mainframe and the scraping tool for rotating the scraping tool in relation to the swingframe about a tilting axis of rotation, and angle actuator means interconnecting the mainframe and the swingframe for rotating the swingframe and scraping tool in relation to the mainframe about an angling axis of rotation.

Abstract: A closed cell phenolic-resin foam material comprising phenolic-resin foam forming reactants, a blowing agent, and a surfactant which is the capped reaction product of an alkoxylated amine and a copolymerizable mixture of dialkyl maleate with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone or N-vinyl caprolactam.

Abstract: A hollow filament separatory module utilizing an annulus of semi-permeable hollow filaments with open ends encased in a potting compound and a collection chamber communicating with said open ends adjacent the potting compound with access surface means formed in the potting compound wherein the open ends appear, said filaments having ends thereof encapsulated by the introduction of potting medium into the interfilament interstices under the urging of vibratory energy and thereafter creating said open ends by cutting of ends and potting medium at a time in the curring cycle of the potting compound prior to its final cure.

Abstract: A coupler for removably coupling a tool attachment at an end of a supporting arm of a powered digging or material-moving machine. The coupler includes a latch which permits quick interchanging of tool attachments on the arm. One embodiment provides a means for remotely disengaging the latch so that a machine operator may interchange tool attachments without having to dismount the machine to manually assist interchanging of attachments.

Abstract: A process for producing a closed cell phenolic-resin foam material comprising a phenolic-resin polymer and a surfactant which is branched, non-ionic, with a hydroxyl value less than 50 achieved by capping excess hydroxyl groups; the material, and a structural laminate employing the material. The material has a thermal conductivity which is low initially and remains low for a long period of time.

Abstract: A closed cell phenolic-resin foam material comprising phenolic-resin foam forming reactants, a blowing agent, and a surfactant which is the capped reaction product of an alkoxylated amine and a copolymerizable mixture of dialkyl maleate with N-vinyl-2- pyrrolidone or N-vinyl caprolactam.

Abstract: A closed cell phenolic-resin foam material comprising phenolic-resin foam forming reactants, a blowing agent, and a surfactant which is the capped reaction product of an alkoxylated amine and a copolymerizable mixture of dialkyl maleate with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone or N-vinyl caprolactam.

Abstract: A process for producing a closed cell phenolic-resin foam material comprising a phenolic-resin polymer and surfactant which is branched, non-ionic, with a hydroxyl value less than 50 achieved by capping excess hydroxyl groups; the material, and a structural laminate employing the material. The material has a thermal conductivity which is low initially and remains low for a long period of time.

Abstract: Certain phenolic cellular materials of low thermal conductivity can be produced by having in the cells of the cellular material a synergistic mixture of trichlorofluoromethane and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethane in a molar ratio of 1:20 to 20:1.