Abstract: An antenna comprising: a ground plane having a center; six receive ports mounted to the ground plane in a circular configuration around the center and separated from each other by approximately 60 degrees; three conductive half-loops, disposed in mutually orthogonal planes, wherein each half-loop has two ends that are connected to separate receive ports; and three 180° hybrids, each 180° hybrid having two input ports, a delta output port, and a sum output port, wherein the two input ports of each 180° hybrid are connected to the two receive ports of one of the half-loops.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a loop made of conductive material; two baluns connected to, and intersecting, opposing sides of the loop, wherein each balun has an output; a 180° hybrid coupler having two input ports, a sum output port, and a delta output port, wherein the two input ports are connected to the outputs of the baluns; a first low noise amplifier (LNA) connected to the sum output port; a second LNA connected to the delta output port; first and second receivers connected to the first and second LNAs respectively; and wherein the antenna is electrically small and is designed to simultaneously receive wideband signals in real time from 3 to 30 MHz.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a ground plane having a center; six receive ports mounted to the ground plane in a circular configuration around the center and separated from each other by approximately 60 degrees; three conductive half-loops, disposed in mutually orthogonal planes, wherein each half-loop has two ends that are connected to separate receive ports; and three 180° hybrids, each 180° hybrid having two input ports, a delta output port, and a sum output port, wherein the two input ports of each 180° hybrid are connected to the two receive ports of one of the half-loops.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a loop made of conductive material; two baluns connected to, and intersecting, opposing sides of the loop, wherein each balun has an output; a 180° hybrid coupler having two input ports, a sum output port, and a delta output port, wherein the two input ports are connected to the outputs of the baluns; a first low noise amplifier (LNA) connected to the sum output port; a second LNA connected to the delta output port; first and second receivers connected to the first and second LNAs respectively; and wherein the antenna is electrically small and is designed to simultaneously receive wideband signals in real time from 3 to 30 MHz.

Abstract: An efficient electrically small circularly polarized SATCOM antenna includes two crossed half loops which are encapsulated by a capacitive cage structure which acts as an internal matching network for the antenna. The cage structure induces two orthogonal electric fields which are 90 degrees out of phase, which produces omni-directional circularly polarized radiation patterns. The gain and impedance performance surpasses that of prior art of similar size.

Abstract: A method for estimating the characteristic impedance of a structure comprising the following steps: providing a current probe comprising a magnetic core having an aperture therein and a primary winding wrapped around the core; measuring, with a calibrated vector network analyzer (VNA), the impedance (Zop) of the current probe while in an open configuration wherein nothing but air occupies the aperture and the current probe is isolated from a ground; measuring, with the VNA, the impedance (Zsh) of the current probe while in a short configuration, wherein the current probe is electrically shorted; measuring, with the VNA, the impedance (Zin) of the current probe while the current probe is mounted to the structure such that the structure extends through the aperture; and calculating an estimated characteristic impedance (Z?mast) of the structure according to the following equation: Z?mast=(Zin?Zsh)(Zop?Zsh)/(Zop?Zin).