Abstract: An apparatus for determining the state of a dynamic system is disclosed. The apparatus comprises one or more sensors operable to sample physical parameters of a system, and a mode interpreter. The mode interpreter is operable to receive data from the sensor and determine the state of the dynamic system using hypertrapezoidal membership functions.

Abstract: The invention is a detector for radio signals which have been transmitted through a multipath medium. The device operates in conjunction with the radio frequency portion of a receiver to detect digital signals which have been transmitted in known modulation formats. The transmitted signal is constructed by assigning known and distinct modulation waveforms to a sequence of message symbols, or digits. The basic digital message, which the detector is to reconstruct consists of a sequence of digits, each lasting for a fixed time, say T seconds, and each picked from an alphabet of arbitrary, but fixed, size. For example, in a binary message, the alphabet consists of the digits 0 and 1. In a quarternary message, the alphabet consists of the digits 0, 1, 2 and 3.

Abstract: Communication by multiplicatively multiplexing two signals, one digital data and the other an analog signal such as voice, for simultaneous transmission over a communication path, such as a telephone line.