Abstract: An instrument for visual examination of and operation on internal body organs includes a jacket defining an operating end and a longitudinally opposite control end, an outer tube disposed stationary inside the jacket, and an inner tube disposed for a rotation inside the outer tube. A first blade is rigidly connected to the outer tube at the operating end while a second blade is rigidly connected to the inner tube, adjacent the first blade. First fiber optic bundles with polished ends are disposed within a wall thickness of the jacket and diffusers are attached to the polished ends at the control end. Second fiber optic bundles are disposed within the wall thickness of the jacket, interspersed with the first fiber optic bundles. Lenses are attached to selective first fiber optic bundle at the control end. A mechanism is positioned at the control end and coupled to the first and second blades.

Abstract: A full depth display for use in three dimensional (3D) imaging has an array of optical emitters on a first plane, an aperture array having a plurality of apertures on a second plane separated from the first plane, and an optional set of corrective lenses which direct the image to a slightly divergent path about the z axis. The optical emitters are organized in left/right pairs. The aperture array contains periodic structures which direct optical energy from the array of apertures to an observer's left and right eyes to create the effect of a full depth image.

Abstract: This invention focuses specifically on the use of epipolar lines and the use of matrix transformations to coordinate cameras. This invention organizes cameras in a manner which is intuitive and effective in perceiving perspectives which are not normally possible; to calculate range precisely; to allow redundancy; to corroborate feature recognition; and to allow perspectives from angles from which no cameras exist. By enabling remote scene reconstruction with a limited set of images, transmission bandwidth is greatly conserved.

Abstract: A screen modifier which is light-weight and low cost can be made with a system of apertures and Fresnel lenses to create full depth viewing in almost any existing TV or viewing device. It can be made detachable and adjustable. The effect is wholly natural with no glasses needed. Especially with the newer 4K screens the resulting images are in high definition, or HD. The orderly setup of the screen modifier allows a TV screen to be written to from a remote capture device with data streaming across the Internet in real time. The technology can be applied to TVs, tablets, monitors and cell-phones. It may be useful for remote surgery.

Abstract: To emulate the 3D visual acuity of an individual track-walker, matched pairs of cameras (which simulate our human eyes) are mounted on a moving vehicle above the tracks. The cameras are mounted both transversely and longitudinally, to create 3D images in two orthogonal orientations, which helps to eliminate visual voids. The location and orientation of each pair of cameras is determined by its specific task, in the present case: (i) to examine each left or right rail for anomalies (two pairs), and (ii) to examine every tie for damage (at least one pair). The camera pairs enable measurements such as defect depth and track width variations. The images are compressed in real time for local storage or high-speed transmission for remote display. The basic arrangement of cameras can be amplified or modified as necessary to circumstances.

Abstract: The present invention is an analog of a set of human eyes, capturing 3D images on a conjugate pair of foveae, with the additions that (i) there can be multiple, independent, conjugate pairs of foveae, and (ii) under computer control, certain conjugate pairs of foveae can be made to move across the detecting surfaces simultaneously to follow moving objects while the lenses remain fixed. Since foveal fields of view are very narrow—of the order of one degree—and little information is transmitted to the computer (or brain) outside this range—there is almost no cross-talk between foveae. By using multiple foveae within each detector, images may be stitched together by algorithms to produce virtually ghost-free full-field 3D images for display.

Abstract: The use of widely separated and coordinated cameras allows trains to recognize obstructions and calculate distance to them to a degree which enables them to react quickly and brake early enough to avoid accidents. This applies to hazards such as fallen trees, stalled cars, people, and other trains on the rails. The system can also apply to crossings, enabling them to see approaching trains and gauge their distance, velocity, and deceleration, so that they can be shut down early and alarms sounded immediately. These systems are autonomous, using software which allows trains to know exactly where they are and at what speed they are travelling independently of external signals, including GPS, allowing a measure of safety beyond normal communications. These systems can also work in the infra-red, allowing compensation for fog and rain.

Abstract: New methods of manufacture are disclosed for producing side-polished fiber-optic apparatuses, for use both singly and in compact arrays. These new methods involve process steps, many of which operate on many apparatus units simultaneously, with little additional manual labor over what is required to produce one unit at a time. High level assemblies of these fiber-optic apparatuses are also disclosed as compact arrays that not only save space but allow for easy interconnection. Examples of apparatuses that can be made with the disclosed integrated side-polished fiber-optic technology include, but aren't limited to, couplers, multiplexers, taps, splitters, joiners, filters, modulators and switches. By interconnecting elements within compact integrated arrays of these apparatuses, complicated photonic circuits can be readily constructed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a MDR reversal agent. The agent is polyvalent possessing two or more binding domains spaced to effectively inhibit the multiple drug resistance activity of Pgp. The MDR reversal agent is based upon the naturally occurring compound (−)-stipiamide. The multiple drug resistence reversal agent of the present invention can be a homodimer based on napthyl-DHS. The homodimer incorporates two napthyl-DHS domains joined by a series of joined ethylene glycol spacers. The invention also relates to method of reversing MDR in a human cell by administering the reversal agent of the invention. When Pgp is contacted with the reversal agent, the ATPase activity of Pgp is significantly reduced as well as the binding affinity of Pgp for its known substrates.