Abstract: A pixelated color display where the emission corresponds to a color space comprised of three regions: an outer boundary of the entire color space which is defined by the most saturated colors; an inner region formed by less saturated colors which is defined by an inner region boundary; and between the inner region boundary and the outer boundary, an intermediate region where at least one color is approximated by dithering between a most saturated color and a less saturated color. The dithering can be color spatial, temporal, or physical spatial dithering or combinations thereof. The display is an OLED, preferably a multimodal (white light-emitting) microcavity with a color filter array and can have 3 or more stacks of light-emitting units. The color dithering in the intermediate region allows for generation of colors that cannot be emitted directly by the display.

Abstract: An active-matrix display comprising a power source VDD; a pixel array of columns and rows, each light-emitting pixel having an individually controlled segmented electrode and an opposite electrode; a driving circuit comprising at least one data line that supplies a data signal for each pixel along a column, wherein the data signal controls the gate of a driving transistor whose source and drain are connected between the power source VDD and the segmented electrode and at least one scan line that supplies a scan signal that controls the gate of a scan transistor that enables the loading of the data signal from the data line to the gate of the driving transistor for each pixel along a row; and a pixel control circuit in electrical contact with the segmented electrode wherein the pixel control circuit prevents light emission by the pixel based on the value of the data signal for that pixel.

Abstract: An integrated OLED display, preferably a microdisplay, comprising a base display that emits a pixelated image and an overlying stacked OLED amplification structure where the OLED amplification structure has at least two light-emitting OLED units separated by a charge-generation layer and a photodiode layer which generates a photocurrent upon exposure to light from the base display as well as the light emitted by the OLED units; wherein the pixelated emission from the base display causes pixelated light emission from the OLED amplification structure. The base display can comprise a single light emitting OLED unit on top of a silicon-based backplane with components nominally rated at 5V or less. The base display emits IR, NIR or red light to which the photodiode layer is sensitive. Cross-talk between the pixels may be controlled by the use of opaque optical dividers.

Abstract: An optical upconverter, comprising a photodiode coupled to a stacked organic light emitting diode (OLED), the stacked OLED comprising at least two OLED light-emitting units separated by a charge-generation layer (CGL), wherein photocurrent generated by the photodetector causes light emission from the stacked OLED. The photodiode generates a photocurrent when exposed to an input light of a first frequency band as well as light of a second frequency band which is the same as that emitted by the stacked OLED. This creates an avalanche effect that increases the amount of overall emission. The photodiode can be a layer between the electrodes of the stacked OLEDs. A constant voltage bias that is below the threshold voltage can be applied to the electrodes of the stacked OLED. The photodiode can be an admixture of two materials, preferably organic. The upconverter can be divided into pixel segments as part of a display.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of agents that bind the complement protein C5 in the treatment of diseases associated with inappropriate complement activation, and in particular in the treatment of peripheral nerve disorders.

Abstract: A display comprising a light emitting OLED stack on top of a silicon-based backplane with individually addressable pixels and control circuitry wherein the control circuitry of the silicon-based backplane comprises at least one driving transistor where a first terminal of the driving transistor is electrically connected to an external power source VDD, and the second terminal of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the bottom electrode of the OLED stack; wherein the gate of the driving transistor is controlled by a data signal which supplied by a scan transistor controlled by a signal from select line SELECT1; and the control circuitry additionally comprises a protection circuit comprising a bipolar junction transistor. There can be a switch transistor between the scan transistor and the gate of the driving transistor for microdisplay applications. The OLED stack can comprise two or more OLED light-emitting units.

Abstract: A microdisplay comprising a light emitting OLED stack on top of a silicon-based backplane with individually addressable pixels and control circuitry wherein the light emitting OLED stack has three or more OLED units between a top electrode and a bottom electrode; and the control circuitry of the silicon-based backplane comprises at least two transistors with their channels connected in series between an external power source VDD, and the bottom electrode of the OLED stack. The light-emitting OLED stack preferably has a Vth of at least 7.5V or more. The control circuit can include a protection circuit comprised of a p-n diode, preferably a bipolar junction transistor.

Abstract: Plasmonic diamond films are provided. In an embodiment, a plasmonic diamond film comprises a plurality of plasmonic nanoparticles encapsulated by diamond and distributed on an underlying surface of diamond. Methods of forming the plasmonic diamond films are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of forming plasmonic diamond films are provided. In an embodiment, such a method comprises forming a first layer of diamond on a substrate; depositing a layer of a metal on a surface of the first layer of diamond to form an as-deposited layer of metal; exposing the as-deposited layer of metal to a plasma treatment to convert the as-deposited layer of metal to a plurality of discrete regions of the metal on the surface of the first layer of diamond; and forming a second layer of diamond on the plurality of discrete regions of metal to form the plasmonic diamond film comprising a plurality of plasmonic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A flat and detachable electrical connection system between a flat lighting module and a lampholder is described. The flat lighting module comprises a lighting panel, control circuitry for controlling the lighting panel, and electrical contact pads connected to the control circuitry, all supported at least in part by a mechanical support plate; the mechanical support plate being at least partially enclosed in a housing with a provision or opening so that light can be emitted from the lighting panel; and where the mechanical support plate includes a male mechanical support connector section that extends out from the mechanical support plate in the same plane as the thickness of the lighting module; and where the male mechanical support connector section includes means for non-permanent locking or latching of the lighting module to the lampholder.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of agents that bind the complement protein C5 in the treatment of diseases associated with inappropriate complement activation, and in particular in the treatment of respiratory disorders.

Abstract: A multimodal light-emitting OLED microcavity device, comprising: an opaque substrate; a layer with a reflective surface over the substrate; a first electrode over the reflective surface; organic layers for light-emission including a second blue light-emitting layer closer to the reflective surface and a first blue light-emitting layer further from the reflective layer than the second blue light-emitting layer, where the distance between the midpoints of the second and first blue-light emitting layers is L1, and at least one non-blue light-emitting layer; a semi-transparent second electrode with an innermost surface through which light is emitted; wherein the distance L0 between the reflective surface and the innermost surface of the semi-transparent second electrode is constant over the entire light-emitting area; and the ratio L1/L0 is in the range of 0.30-0.40. The multimodal microcavity OLED has increased blue emission and is particularly useful for use as the light source in a microdisplay.

Abstract: A multimodal light-emitting OLED microcavity device, comprising: an opaque substrate; a layer with a reflective surface over the substrate; a first electrode over the reflective surface; organic layers for light-emission including a second blue light-emitting layer closer to the reflective surface and a first blue light-emitting layer further from the reflective layer than the second blue light-emitting layer, where the distance between the midpoints of the second and first blue-light emitting layers is L1, and at least one non-blue light-emitting layer; a semi-transparent second electrode with an innermost surface through which light is emitted; wherein the distance L0 between the reflective surface and the innermost surface of the semi-transparent second electrode is constant over the entire light-emitting area; and the ratio L1/L0 is in the range of 0.30-0.40. The multimodal microcavity OLED has increased blue emission and is particularly useful for use as the light source in a microdisplay.

Abstract: A method for making an OLED lighting panel is disclosed. A patterned inorganic insulating layer is used to enclose an area over a first electrode layer leaving portions of the first electrode layer and substrate adjacent to the outside of the enclosure exposed. After uniform deposition of the organic layer(s), the organic layer(s) are selectively removed over the inorganic insulating layer and an adjacent portion of the substrate to form a sealing region. After uniform deposition of the second electrode, the enclosed area is encapsulated and any overlying layers over the first and second electrodes outside the enclosed area are removed resulting in an OLED within the enclosed area with electrode contact pads outside the enclosed area. The OLED can be manufactured at low cost with no or limited use of shadow masking and is suitable for roll-to-roll processes.

Abstract: Provided are compositions which may be used in agricultural applications. Also provided are methods of making and using the compositions. In embodiments, a plant fungicide or plant bactericide is provided comprising a nanostructured chemical compound, the chemical compound comprising a metal and a coordinating anion, wherein the nanostructured chemical compound is in the form of a plurality of planar, two-dimensional nanostructures.

Abstract: A method for making an OLED lighting panel is disclosed. A patterned inorganic insulating layer is used to enclose an area over a first electrode layer leaving portions of the first electrode layer and substrate adjacent to the outside of the enclosure exposed. After uniform deposition of the organic layer(s), the organic layer(s) are selectively removed over the inorganic insulating layer and an adjacent portion of the substrate to form a sealing region. After uniform deposition of the second electrode, the enclosed area is encapsulated and any overlying layers over the first and second electrodes outside the enclosed area are removed resulting in an OLED within the enclosed area with electrode contact pads outside the enclosed area. The OLED can be manufactured at low cost with no or limited use of shadow masking and is suitable for roll-to-roll processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of agents that bind the complement protein C5 in the treatment of diseases associated with inappropriate complement activation and in particular in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.

Abstract: An OLED device comprising a substrate with a top surface; a first electrode covering the top surface of the substrate; a first insulating structure patterned over a portion of the first electrode where the pattern defines an inside area of the first electrode that is completely surrounded by the insulating structure, and an outside area of the first electrode not covered by the insulating structure; at least one organic layer for light emission within the inside area defined by the insulating structure; a second electrode over the at least one organic layer within the inside area defined by the insulating structure and at least partially over the first insulating structure; a cover slip located at least over the second electrode in the inside area defined by the insulating structure; and an electrically conductive solder seal making a hermetic seal between the insulating structure and the cover slip where the solder seal is in electrical contact with the second electrode.

Abstract: A flat and detachable electrical connection system between a flat lighting module and a lampholder is described. The flat lighting module comprises a lighting panel, control circuitry for controlling the lighting panel, and electrical contact pads connected to the control circuitry, all supported at least in part by a mechanical support plate; the mechanical support plate being at least partially enclosed in a housing with a provision or opening so that light can be emitted from the lighting panel; and where the mechanical support plate includes a male mechanical support connector section that extends out from the mechanical support plate in the same plane as the thickness of the lighting module; and where the male mechanical support connector section includes means for non-permanent locking or latching of the lighting module to the lampholder.

Abstract: Provided are compositions which may be used in agricultural applications. Also provided are methods of making and using the compositions. In embodiments, a plant fungicide or plant bactericide is provided comprising a nanostructured chemical compound, the chemical compound comprising a metal and a coordinating anion, wherein the nanostructured chemical compound is in the form of a plurality of planar, two-dimensional nanostructures.