Abstract: A desalination system comprises at least one desalination cell. The at least one desalination cell comprises first and second electrodes, an anion exchange layer and a cation ion exchange layer disposed on the respective first and second electrodes, and a spacer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The at least one desalination cell further comprises an ion exchange resin disposed between the first and second electrodes. A desalination system and a method for removing ions from an aqueous stream are also presented.

Abstract: A desalination system comprises at least one desalination cell. The at least one desalination cell comprises first and second electrodes, an anion exchange layer and a cation ion exchange layer disposed on the respective first and second electrodes, and a spacer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The at least one desalination cell further comprises an ion exchange resin disposed between the first and second electrodes. A desalination system and a method for removing ions from an aqueous stream are also presented.

Abstract: The present invention has the technical effect of disinfecting an EDI device of a water purification system. The present invention may be applied to an EDI device having an internal chamber comprising ion exchange components. The internal chamber may also comprise a plurality of ion selective membranes positioned between the anode and the cathode compartments. As illustrated and described herein, embodiments of the present invention seek to sanitize the EDI device without sanitization chemicals or a water supply. Embodiments of the present invention disinfect the EDI device by applying electrical power. Here an electrical supply device heats the EDI device, through resistive heating of the internal chambers, to a sanitization temperature. The resistive heating is a result of ionic movement through the internal chamber. The friction that is created through the ionic movement increases the temperature within the internal chamber.

Abstract: A supercapacitor desalination cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a spacer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a monovalent ion selective layer disposed on at least one of the first and second electrodes. A supercapacitor desalination device and a method for desalination of a liquid are further presented.

Abstract: A method for cross-linking a styrenic polymer, the method comprising providing a partly sulphonated styrenic polymer and cross-linking the partly sulphonated styrenic polymer in the presence of a polyphosphoric acid.

Abstract: A supercapacitor desalination cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a spacer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a monovalent ion selective layer disposed on at least one of the first and second electrodes. A supercapacitor desalination device and a method for desalination of a liquid are further presented.

Abstract: A desalination system comprises an electrodialysis reversal apparatus configured to receive a first stream for desalination and a second stream to carry away ions removed from the first stream, and a precipitation unit in fluid communication with the electrodialysis reversal apparatus and configured to circulate the second stream therebetween. At least one backwashable filter is disposed between and in fluid communication with the electrodialysis reversal apparatus and the precipitation and configured to filter the second stream in a normal operation mode. A desalination method is also presented.

Abstract: A desalination system comprises at least one desalination cell. The at least one desalination cell comprises first and second electrodes, an anion exchange layer and a cation ion exchange layer disposed on the respective first and second electrodes, and a spacer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The at least one desalination cell further comprises an ion exchange resin disposed between the first and second electrodes. A desalination system and a method for removing ions from an aqueous stream are also presented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ionic species removal system comprising one or more electrode stack(s), each electrode stack including two electrodes and cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes alternately arranged between the two electrodes, wherein at least one electrode of at least one of the electrode stack(s) is an electrode coated with an ion exchange coating. The ionic species removal system mitigates the scaling risk by employing an electrode coated with an ion exchange coating.

Abstract: A method for cross-linking a styrenic polymer, the method comprising providing a partly sulphonated styrenic polymer and cross-linking the partly sulphonated styrenic polymer in the presence of a polyphosphoric acid.

Abstract: The present invention has the technical effect of disinfecting an EDI device of a water purification system. The present invention may be applied to an EDI device having an internal chamber comprising ion exchange components. The internal chamber may also comprise a plurality of ion selective membranes positioned between the anode and the cathode compartments. As illustrated and described herein, embodiments of the present invention seek to sanitize the EDI device without sanitization chemicals or a water supply. Embodiments of the present invention disinfect the EDI device by applying electrical power. Here an electrical supply device heats the EDI device, through resistive heating of the internal chambers, to a sanitization temperature. The resistive heating is a result of ionic movement through the internal chamber. The friction that is created through the ionic movement increases the temperature within the internal chamber.